xii;no.5 5 



Price 10 cents 



"HI 



ATHLETIC LIBRARY 



OFFICIAL 

SPORTING 
» RULES 

^pprai Compiled by 

iM xT. E.Sullivan 



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Spalding's 
Athletic Library 

Anticipating the present ten- 
dency of the American people 
toward a healthful method of livinjr 
and enjoyment, Spalding's Athletic 
Library was established m 1892 for 
the purpose of encouraging ath- 
letics in every form, not only by 
publishing the official rules and 
records pertaining to the various 
pastimes, but also by instructing, 
until to-day Spalding's Athletic 
Library is unique in its own par- 
ticular field and has been conceded 
the greatest educational series on 
athletic and physical training sub- 
jects that has ever been compiled. 
The publication of a distinct 
series of books devoted to athletic 
sports and pastimes and designed 
to occupy the premier place in 
America in its class was an early 
idea of Mr. A. G. Spalding, who 
was one of the first in America 
to publish a handbook devoted to 
athletic sports, Spalding's Official 
Base Ball Guide being uhe initial 
number, which was followed at intervals with other handbooks on the 
sports prominent in the '70s. 

Spalding's Athletic Library has had the advice and counsel of Mr. A. G. 
Spalding in all of its undertakings, and particularly in all books devoted 
to the national game. This applies especially to Spalding's Official 
Base Ball Guide and Spalding's Official Base Ball Record, both of which 
receive the personal attention of Mr. A. G. Spalding, owing to his early 
connection with the game as the leading pitcher of the champion Boston 
and Chicago teams of 1872-76. His interest does not stop, however, with 
matters pertaining to base ball; there is not a sport that Mr. Spalding 
does not make it his business to become familiar with, and that the 
Library will always maintain its premier place, with Mr. Spalding's able 
counsel at hand, goes without saying. 

The entire series since the issue of the first number has been under 
the direct personal supervision of Mr. James E. Sullivan, President 
of the American Sports Publishing Company, and the total series of 
consecutive numbers reach an aggregate of considerably over three 
hundred, included in which are many "annuals," that really constitute 
the history of their particular sport in America year by year, back copies 
of which are even now eagerly sought for, constituting as they do the 
really first authentic records of events and official rules that have ever 
been consecutively compiled. 

When Spalding's Athletic Library w-s founded, seventeen years ago, 
track and field athletics were practically unknown outside the larger 
colleges and a few athletic clubs in the leading cities, which gave occa- 
sional meets, when an entry list of 250 corr.petitors was a subject of com- 
ment; golf was known only by a comparatively few persons; lawn tennia 
bad some vogue and base baU was practically the only established field 




A. G. Spalding 



EDITORS OF SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY 

sport, and that in a professional way; basket ball had just been invented; 
athletics for the schoolboy— and schoolg-irl— were almost unknown, and 
an advocate of class contests in athletics in the schools could not get a 
hearing. To-day we find the greatest body of athletes in the world is 
the Public Schools Athletic League of Greater New York, which has had 
an entry list at its annual games of over two thousand, and in whose 
"elementary series" in base ball last year 106 schools competed for the 
trophy emblematic of the championship. 

While Spalding's Athletic Library cannot claim that the rapid growth 
of athletics in this country is due to it solely, the fact cannot be denied 
that the books have had a great deal to do with its encouragement, by 
printing the official rules and instructions for playing the various games 
at a nominal price, within the reach of everyone, with the sole object 
that its series might be complete and the one place where a person 
could look with absolute certainty for the particular book in which he 
might be interested. 

In selecting the editors and writers for the various books, the lead- 
ing authority in his particular line has been obtained, with the result 
that no collection of books on athletic subjects can compare with 
Spalding's Athletic Library for the prominence of the various authors 
and their ability to present their subjects in a thorough and practical 
manner. 

A short sketch of a few of those who have edited some of the lead- 
ing numbers of Spalding's Athletic Library is given herewith : 



JAMES E. SULLIVAN 

President American Sports Pubhshing Com- 
pany; entered the publishing house of Frank 
Leslie in 1878, and has been connected continu- 
ously with the publishing business since then 
and also as athletic editor of various New 
York papers; was a competing athlete; one of 
the organizers of the Amateur Athletic Union 
of the United States; has been actively on its 
board of governors since its organization until 
the present time, and President for two suc- 
cessive terms; has attended every champion- 
ship meeting in America since 1879 and has officiated in some capacity in 
connection with American amateur championships track and field games 
for nearly twenty-five years; assistant American director Olympic Games, 
Paris, 1900; director Pan-American Exposition athletic department, 1901; 
chief department physical culture Louisiana Purchase Exposition, St. 
Louis, 1904; secretary American Committee Olympic Games, at Athens, 
1906; honorary director of Athletics at Jamestown Exposition, 1907; secre- 
tary American Committee Olympic Games, at London, 1908; member of 
the Pastime A. C, New York: honorary member Missouri A. C, St. Louis; 
honorary member Olympic A. C, San Francisco; ex-president Pastime 
A. C, New Jersey A. C, Knickerbocker A. C; president Metropolitan 
Association of the A. A. U. for fifteen years; president Outdoor Recrea- 
tion League; with Dr. Luther H. Gulick organized the PubHc Schools 
Athletic League of New York, and is now chairman of its games commit- 
tee and member executive committee; was a pioneer in playground work 
and one of the organizers of the Outdoor Recreation League of New York; 
appointed by President Roosevelt as special commissioner to the Olympic 
Games at Athens, 1906, and decorated by King George I. of the Hellenes 
(Greece) for his services in connection with the Olympit Games; ap- 
pointed special commissioner by President Roosevelt to the Olympic 
Games at London. 1908; appointed by Mayor McClellan, 1908. as member 
of the Board of Education of Greater New York, 




tDlTORS OF SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRAI^Y 




WALTER CAMP 

For quarter of a century Mr. Walter Camp 
of Yale has occupied a leading position in col- 
lege athletics. It is immaterial what organiza- 
tion is suggested for college athletics, or fov 
the betterment of conditions, insofar as college 
athletics is concerned, Mr. Camp has always 
played an important part in its conferences, 
and the great interest in and high plane of 
college sport to-day. are undoubtedly due more 
to Mi-. Camp than to any other individual. Mr. 
Camp has probably written more on college 
athletics than any other writer and the leading papers and maga- 
zines of America are always anxious to secure his expert opinion on foot 
ball, track and field athletics, base ball and rowing. Mr. Camp has grown 
up with Yale athletics and is a part of Yale's remarkable athletic system. 
While he has been designated as the " Father of Foot Ball," it is a well 
known fact that during his college career Mr. Camp was regarded as one 
of the best players that ever represented Yale on the base ball field, so 
when we hear of Walter Camp as a foot ball expert we must also remem- 
ber his remarkable knowledge of the game of base ball, of which he is a 
great admirer. Mr. Camp has edited Spalding's Official Foot Ball Guide 
since it was first published, and also the Spalding Athletic Librai-y book 
on How to Play Foot Ball. There is certainly no man in American collego 
life better qualified to write for Spalding's Athletic Library than Mr. 
Camp. 



DR. LUTHER HALSEY GULICK 

The leading exponent of physical training 
in America; one who has worked hard to im- 
press the value of physical training in the 
schools; when physical training was combined 
with education at the St. Louis Exposition in 
1904 Dr. Gulick played an important part in 
that congress; he received several awards for 
his good work and had many honors conferred 
upon him; he is the author of a great many 
books on the subject; it was Dr. Gulick, who, 
acting on the suggestion of James E. Sullivan, 
organized the Public Schools Athletic League of Greater New York, and 
was its first Secretary; Dr. Gulick was also for several years Director of 
Physical Training in the public schools of Greater New York, resigning 
the position to assume the Presidency of the Playground Association of 
America. Dr. Gulick is an authority on all subjects pertaining to phys- 
ical training and the study of the child. 





JOHN B. FOSTER 

Successor to the late Henry Chadwick 
("Father of Base Ball") as editor of Spald- 
ing's Official Base Ball Guide; sporting editor 
of the New York Evening Telegram; haa 
been in the newspaper business for many 
years and is recognized throughout America 
as a leading writer on the national game; a 
staunch supporter of organized base ball, 
his pen has always been used for the better- 
ment of the srame. 



EDITORS OF SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY 




TIM MURNANE 

Base Ball editor of the Boston Globe and 
President of the New England League of 
Base Ball Clubs; one of the best known base 
ball men of the country; known from coast 
to coast; is a keen follower of the game and 
prominent in all its councils; nearly half a 
century ago was one of America's foremost 
players: knows the game thoroughly and 
writes from the point of view both of player 
and an official. 




HARRY PHILIP BURCHELL 

Sporting editor of the New York Times; 
graduate of the University of Pennsylvania; 
editor of Spalding's Official Lawn Tennis 
Annual; is an authority on the game; follows 
the movements of the players minutely and 
understands not only tennis but all other sub- 
jects that can be classed as athletics; no one 
is better qualified to edit this book than Mr. 
Burchell. 



GEORGE T. HEPBRON 

Former Young Men's Christian Association 
director; for many years an official of the 
Athletic League of Young Men's Christian 
Associations of North America ; was con^. 
nected with Dr. Luther H. Gulick in Young 
Men's Christian Association work for over 
twelve years; became identified with basket 
ball when it was in its infancy and has fol- 
lowed it since, being recognized as the lead- 
ing exponent of the official rules; succeeded 
Dr. Gulick as editor of the Official Basket Ball 

Guide and also editor of the Spalding Athletic Library book on How to 

Play Basket Ball. 





JAMES S. MITCHEL 

Former champion weight thrower; holder 
of numerous records, and is the winner of 
more championships than any other individual 
in the history of sport ; Mr. Mitchel is a close 
student of athletics and well quali.*ied to write 
upon any topic connected with athletic sport ; 
has been for years on the staff of the New 
York Sun. 



EDITORS OF SPALD/NG' S ATHLETIC LIBRARY 



MICHAEL C. MURPHY 

The world's most famous athletic trainerj 
the champion athletes that he has developed 
for track and field sports, foot ball and base ball 
fields, would run into thousands; he became 
famous when at Yale University and has 
been particularly successful in developing 
what might be termed championship teams; 
his rare good judgment has placed him in an 
enviable position in the athletic world; now 
with the University of Pennsylvania ; dur- 
ing his career has trained only at two col- 
leges and one athletic club, Yale and the 
University of Pennsylvania and Detroit Athletic Club; his most recent 
triumph was that of training the famous American team of athletes 
that swept the field at the Olympic Games of 1908 at London. 





DR. C. WARD CRAMPTON 

Succeeded Dr. Gulick as director of physical 
training in the schools of Greater New York: 
as secretary of the Public Schools Athletic 
League is at the head of the most remarkable 
organization of its kind in the world; is a 
practical athlete and gymnast himself, and 
has been for years connected with the physi- 
cal training system in the schools of Greater 
New York, having had charge of the High 
School of Commerce. 



DR. GEORGE J. FISHER 

Has been connected with Y. M. C. A. work 
for many years as physical director at Cincin- 
nati and Brooklyn, where he made such a high 
reputation as organizer that he was chosen to 
succeed Dr. Luther H. Gulick as Secretary of 
the Athletic League of Y. M. C. A.'s of North 
America, when the latter resigned to take 
charge of the physical training in the Public 
Schools of Greater New York. 



DR. GEORGE ORTON 

On athletics, college athletics, particularly 
track and field, foot ball, soccer foot ball, and 
training of the youth, it would be hard to find 
one better qualified than Dr. Orton; has had 
the necessary athletic experience and the 
ability to impart that experience intelligently 
to the youth of the land; for years was the 
American, British and Canadian champion 
runner. 



EDITORS OF SPALDINC'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY 








FREDERICK R. TOOMBS 

A well known authority on skating, rowing, 
boxing, racquets, and other athletic sports; 
was sporting editor of American Press Asso- 
ciation, New York; dramatic editor; is a law- 
yer and has served several terms as a member 
of Assembly of the Legislature of the State of 
New York; has written several novels and 
historical works. 



R. L. WELCH 

A resident of Chicago; the popularity of 
indoor base ball is chiefly due to his efforts; 
a player himself of no mean ability; a first- 
class organizer: he has followed the game of 
indoor base ball from its inception. 



DR. HENRY S. ANDERSON 

Has been connected with Yale University 
for years and is a recognized authority on 
gymnastics; is admitted to be one of the lead- 
ing authorities in America on gymnastic sub- 
jects; is the author of many books on physical 
training. 



CHARLES M. DANIELS 

Just the man to write an authoritative 
book on swimming; the fastest swimmer the 
world has ever known; member New York 
Athletic Club swimming team and an Olym- 
pic champion at Athens in 1906 and London, 
1908. In his book on Swimming, Champion 
Daniels describes just the methods one must 
use to become an expert swimmer. 

GUSTAVE BOJUS 

Mr. Bojus is most thoroughly qualified to 
write intelligently on all subjects pertaining 
to gymnastics and athletics; in his day one 
of America's most famous amateur athletes; 
has competed successfully in gymnastics and 
many other sports for the New York Turn 
Verein; for twenty years he has been prom- 
inent in teaching gymnastics and athletics; 
was responsible for the famous gymnastic 
championship teams of Columbia University; 
now with the Jersey City high schools. 



EDITORS OF SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY 








CHARLES JACOBUS 

Admitted to be the "Father of Roque;" 
one of America's most expert players, win- 
ning' the Olympic Championship at St. Louis 
in 1904; an ardent supporter of the game 
and fallows it minutely, and much of the 
success of roque is due to his untiring efforts; 
certainly there is no one better qualified to 
write on this subject than Mr. Jacobus. 



DR. E. B. WARMAN 

Well known as a physical training expert; 
was probably one of the first to enter the field 
and is the author of many books on the sub- 
ject; lectures extensively each year all over 
the country. 



W. J. CROMIE 

Now with the University of Pennsylvania; 
was formerly a Y. M. C. A. physical director; 
a keen student of all gymnastic matters; the 
author of many books on subjects pertaining 
to physical training. 



G. M. MARTIN 

By profession a physical director of the 
Young Men's Christian Association: a close 
student of all things gymnastic, and games 
for the classes in the gymnasium or clubs. 



PROF. SENAC 

A leader in the fencing world ; has main- 
tained a fencing school in New York for 
years and developed a great many cham- 
pions ; understands the science of fencing 
thoroughly and the benefits to be derived 
therefrom. 



SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY 



Si 



Giving the Titles of all Spalding Athletic Library Books now 



in print, grouped for ready reference 



P 



SPALDING OFFICIAL ANNUALS 



Spalding's Official 
Spalding's Official 
Spalding's Official 
Spalding's Official 
Spalding's Official 
Spalding's Official 
Spalding's Official 
Spalding's Official 
Spalding's Official 
Spalding's Official 
Spalding's Official 
Spalding's Official 
Spalding's Official 

Base Ball 

Spalding's Official Base Ball 

Guide. 
How to Play Base Ball. 
How to Bat. 
How to Run Bases. 
How to Pitch. 
How to Catch. 
How to Play First Base. 
How to Play Second Base. 
How to Play Third Base. 
How to Play Shortstop. 
How to Play the Outfield. 
How to Organize a Base Ball 
Club. [League. 

How to Organize a Base Ball 
How to Manage a Base Ball 

Club. 
HowtoTrainaBaseBallTeam GPOUP VI. 
How to Captain a Base Ball 
How to Umpire a Game. [Team 
Technical Base Ball Terms. 
No. 219. Ready Reckoner of Base Ball 
Percentages. 
BASE BALL AUXILIARIES 
No. lA Official Base Ball Record. 
No. 319. *MinorLeagueBaseBallGuide 
No. 320. 'Official Book National League 

of Prof. Base Ball Clubs. 
No. 306 Official Handbook National 

Playground Ball Assn. 
•Published in April, 1909. 

firoop II. Foot Ball 

No. 2 Spalding's Official Foot Ball 

Guide. 
No. 315 How to Play Foot Ball. 
No. 2a Spalding's Official Soccer Foot 

Ball Guide. 
No. 286 How to Play Soccer. 



No. I 

No. lA 

No. 2 

No. 2A 

No. 3 

No. 

No. 

No. 

No. 

No. 

No. 

No. 

No. 

firoop i. 

No. 1 

No. 202 
No. 223 
No. 232 
No. 230 
No. 229 
No. 225 
No. 226 
No. 227 
No. 228 
No. 224 



No. 
231. 



Base Ball Guide 

Base Ball Record 

Foot Ball Guide 

Soccer Foot Ball Guide 

Cricket Guide 

Lawn Tennis Annual 

Golf Guide 

Ice Hockey Guide 

Basket Ball Guide 

Bowling Guide 

Indoor Base Ball Guide 

Roller Polo Guide 

Athletic Almanac 

FOOT BALL AUXILIARY 

No. 303 Spalding's Official Canadian 

Foot Ball Guide. 

Group III. cricket 

No. 3 Spalding' sOfficialCricket Guide. 
No. 277 Cricket and How to Play It. 

Group IV. Lawn Tennis 

No. 4 Spalding's Official Lawn Ten- 
nis Annual. 

No. 157 How to Play Lawn Tennis. 

No. 279 Strokes and Science of Lawn 
Tennis. 

Group V. Golf 

No. 5 Spalding's Official Golf Guide. 
No. 276 How to Play Golf. 



Hockeg 



No. 6 Spalding's Official Ice Hockev 

Guide. 
No. 304 How to Play Ice Hockey. 
No. 154 Field Hockey. 
(Lawn Hockey. 
No. 188 -^Parlor Hockey. 

(.Garden Hockey. 
No. 180 Ring Hockey. 

HOCKEY AUXILIARY 
No. 256 Official Handbook Ontario 
Hockey Association. 

Group VII. Basket Ball 

No. 7 Spalding's Official Basket Ball 

Guide. 
No. 193 How to Play Basket Ball. 
No. 318 Basket Ball Guide for Women. 

BASKET BALL AUXILIARY 
No. 312 Official Collegiate Basket Ball 

Handbook. 



ANY OF THE ABOVE BOOVS HAILED POSTPAID UPON RECEIPT OF 10 CENTS 



"^ 



SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY 



JT 



Group VIII. Bowling 

No. 8 Spalding's Official Bowling 
Guide. 

GPOBp IX. Indoor Base Ball 

No. 9 Spalding's Official Indoor 
Base Ball Guide. 

Group X. Polo 

No. 10 Spalding's Official Roller Polo 

Guide. 
No. 129 Water Polo. 
No. 199 Equestrian Polo. 

Group XI. Miscellaneous Ganes 

No. 201 Lacrosse. 

No. 305 Official Handbook U. S. Inter- 
collegiate Lacrosse League. 
No. 248 Archery. 
No. 138 Croquet. 
No. 271 Roque. 

(Racquets. 
No. 194-^Squash-Racquett. 

(Court Tennis. 
No. 13 Hand Ball. 
No. 167 Quoits. 
No. 170 Push Ball. 
No. 14 Curling. 
No. 207 Lawn Bowls. 
No. 188 Lawn Games. 
No. 189 Children's Games. 

Group XII. Aimetlcs 

No. 12 Spaldijig's Official Athletic 

Almanac. 
No. 27 College Athletics. 
No. 182 All Around Athletics- 
No. 156 Athletes' Guide. 
No. 87 Athletic Primer 
No. 273 Olympic GamesatAthens,1906 
No. 252 How to Sprint. 
No. 255 How to Run 100 Yards. 
No. 174 Distance and Cross Country 
Running. [Thrower. 

How to Become a Weight 
Official Sporting Rules, [boys. 
Athletic Training for School- 
ATHLETIC AUXILIARIES 
No. 311 Amateur Athletic Union Offi- 
cial Handbook. [book. 
Intercollegiate Official Hand- 
Y. M. C. A. Official Handbook. 
Public Schools Athletic 
League Official Handbook. 
No.3U Public Schools Athletic 
League Official Handbook 
— Girls' Branch. 
Intercollegiate Cross Country 
Association Handbook. 
No. 308 O.ricial Handbook New York 
In terscholastic Athletic 
Association. 
•^o. 317 Marathon Running. 



No. 259 
No. 55 
No. 246 



No. 307 
No. 302 
No. 313 



No. 316 



Group XIII. 



Athletic 
Accompilshncits 



No. 177 How to Swim. 

No. 296 Speed Swimming. 

No. 128 How to Row. 

No. 209 How to Become a Skater. 

No. 178 How to Train for Bicycling. 

No. 23 Canoeing. 

No. 282 Roller Skating Guide. 



Group XIV. 



Manly Sports 

(By Breck.) 
( By Senac.) 



No. 18 Fencing. 

No. 162 Boxing. 

No. 165 Fencing. 

No. 140 Wrestling. 

No. 236 How to Wrestle. 

No. 102 Ground Tumbling. 

No. 233 JiuJitsu. 

No. 166 How to Swing Indian Clubi. 

No. 200 Dumb Bell Exercises. 

No. 143 Indian Clubs and Dumb BelU. 

No. 262 Medicine Ball Exercises. 

No. 29 Pulley Weight Exercises. 

No. 191 How to Punch the Bag. 

No. 289 Tumbling for Amateurs. 

Group XV. Gymnastics 

No. 104 Grading of Gymnastic Exer- 
cises. 

No.214 Graded Calisthenics and 
Dumb Bell Drills. 

No. 254 Barnjum Bar Bell Drill. 

No. 158 Indoor and Outdoor Gym- 
nastic Games. 

No. 124 How to Become a Gymnast 

No. 287 Fancy Dumb Bell and March- 
ing Drills. 



Group XVI. 

No. 161 



Physical culture 

i s e for 



Ten Minutes' Exe 

Busy Men. 
Physical Education and Hy- 
giene. 
No. 149 Scientific Physical Training 

and Care cf the Body. 
No. 142 Physical Training Simplified. 
No. 185 Hints on Health. 
No. 213 2S5 Health Answers. 
No. 233 Muscle Building. 
No. 234 School Tactics and Maze Run- 
ning. 
Tensing Exercises. 
Health by Muscular Gym- 
nastics. 
Indigestion Treated by Gym- 
nastics. 
Get Well ; Keep Well, 



No. 



No. 2G1 

No. 285 



No. 288 
No. 290 



ANY OF THE ABOVE BOOKS MAiLEO f OSTf Alfl UPON RECEIPT OF 10 CENTS 



SPALDINGAmEIICUBBM 




: National. 
American and minor ieagues : re- 
views of the season: college Base Ball. 
and a Kreat deal of interesting m- 
formation. Price 10 cents. 
No. 202— HOTT to IMnr BB«e 
Edited by Tim Mumane. New and 
revised edition. Illustrated with pic 
tures ehowine how all the vanou 
curves and drops are thrown and por 
traiuot leading players. PncelOcenu 

Bat. 

i of becomin 



o 211)— ReBily Reckoner of 
Base Ball Percentaeea. 

To supply a demand for abook wl-ich 

'ould show the percentage of clubs 

without recourse to thearduous work of 

figuring.the publishers had these Ubles 

compiled by an expert. Price 10 cents. 

SE BALL AUXILIARIES. 

. lA — SpnlillnB'n Ofliclill 

Ba»e Ball Recor.I. 

ew in Base Ball. Con- 
' all kinds from the be- 



official averaees of all professional o 
ganizations for past season. 10 cen 
No. ai»-Mlnor I.eaKue Bai 
Ball Gnlde. 
The minors' own guide. Edited 1 
President T. H. Mumane, of the N< 
England League. Price 10 cents. 
No. 320w-OflIclal 
f Profesaiona 



Group in. Cricket 




No. 223— How 

There is no betl 
a prortcient batter 
book and practis... - . ,„ 
Numerousilluatrations. PncelOcenu. 

No. -232— How to Han the 

This book gives clear and concise 
directions for excelling as a base run- 
ner: tells when to run and when not to 
do so; how and when to slide: team 



No. 230-How to Fltcn. 

A.new. up-to-date book. Its cont*nl 
»re the practical teaching of men wh 
have reached the top as pitchers, an 
who know how to impart a knowleds 
of their art- All the big league 
pitchers are shown. Price 10 cents. 
No. 229— HoiT to Cnteh. 

Every boy who has hopes of being a 
clever catcher should read how well- 
known players cover their position. 
Pictures of all the noted catchers in 
the big leagues. Price 10 cents. 
No. 22.-V-HOW to Play First 



.r^ ... ^ . . ^ _ ReporU of 
special matches, official 
rules and pictur. ' -" 



By Prince Ranjitsinhji. The game 
described concisely and illustrated with 
full-page pictures posed especially for 
this book. Price 10 cents. 

„, Lawn 
Group IV. Tennis 

^o. 4— Spalding"* Offlclal 






le Constitution. By- 
Official Rules. Averages a 

of the National League for i...= .-». 

year, together with list of club officers 
and reports of the annual meetings oj 
the League. Price 10 cents. 
No. aoe— omelal Handbook 
.National Playsronnd Ball 

This game is specially adapted for 
playgrounds, parks, etc.. is spreading 
[fo'n'i^f th^e';^'"""' and' 'offi^'r?' 

Foot Ball 

Ine'H Offlclal 
Ball GalAe. 

Edited by Walter Camp. 
ContainB the 



Group n. 



Illustrated 
prominent fir 
No.'^46— tto.w 



ith pictures of all the 

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A. G. SPALDING. 



SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY 
Group XII. :: :: No. 55 



OFFICIAL 
SPORTING RULES 

Containing the Official Rules for Miscellaneous 

Games and Contests Not Scheduled in 

Other Numbers of Spalding's 

Athletic Library 



COMPILED BY 

JAMES E. SULLIVAN 



Published by 

AMERICAN SPORTS PUBLISHING COMPANY 
21 Warren Street. New York 

Copyright, 1909, bv American Sports Publisliiiig Company 



INDEX 






Rugby Foot Ball 

Olympic Games Events — 

Marathon Race 

Stone Throwing with Impetus 

Javelin Throwing 

Hellenic Methods of Throwing the Discus 

Throwing the Discus (Greek Style) for Youths 

Water Polo (English) 

Water Push Ball 

.Sack Racing 

Wall Scaling 

Three-Legged Race 

Shuffleboard 

Snowshoeing 

Sheffield Rules for the Government of Professional Racing. 

Dog Racing 

H itch and Kick 

Boat Racing 

Revolver Shooting 

Pigeon Flying Race 

Rugby Polo 

Caledonian Games 

Water Basket Ball 

Pin Ball 

Walking 

Betting 

Skittles 

Obstacle Races 

Broadsword (mounted) 

Bat Ball 

Ring Hockey 




Complete List of Official Rules for all Sports. 



PAGE 
3 

12 

12 

13 
13 
14 
17 

22 
24 
24 
24 
25 
26 

30 
31 
33 
34 
40 
44 
47 
S3 
6o 
63 
65 
66 
68 
68 
69 
71 
77 
85 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



^ RUGBY FOOT BALL RULES 

Jl As Adopted by the Rugby Foot Ball Union of Great Britain. 

_1 Published by Permission of The Cricket Press, London, England. 

I.-INTRODUCTION. 

1. The Rugby game of foot ball should be played by 15 play- 
ers on each side. (Anyone coming under the laws of profes- 
sionalism shall not he allowed to take part in any game under 
this Union's jurisdiction). The field of play shall not e.xceed 
no yards in length, nor 75 in breadth, and shall be as near these 
dimensions as practicable. The lines defining the boundary of 
the field-of-play shall be suitably marked, and shall be called 
the goal-lines at the ends and the touch-lines at the sides. On 
each goal line and equi-distant from the touch lines shall be two 
upright posts, called goal posts, exceeding 11 feet in height, and 
placed 18 feet six inches apart, and joined by a cross-bar 10 feet 
from the ground; and the object of the game shall be to kick 
the ball over this cross-bar and between the posts. The game 
shall be played with an oval ball of as nearly as possible the 
following size and weight, namely: 

Length 11 to 11 ^4 ins. 

Length circumference 30 to 31 ins. 

Width circumference 25^/ to 26 ins. 

Weight 13 to 14^/. ozs. 

Hand sewn and not less than eight stitches to the inch. 

IL— GLOSSAR^DUTIES OF OFFICL\LS— SCORING. 

2. The followiiiig' telrns occur in the laws, and have the re- 
spective meanings attached to each : 

Dead-Ball Line. — Not more than 25 yards behind and as near 
therein as possible, and equi-distant from each goal line, shall 
be lines, which shall be called the Dead-ball lines, and if the ball, 
or player holding the ball, touch or cross these lines the ball 
shall be dead and out of play. 

In-Goal. — Those portions of the ground immediately at the 
ends of the field of play and between the touch lines, produced 



4 SPALDINC'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

PLAN OF FIELD 
p p 



OF 
PLAY 



A 


Q 


ELD 


T 

TOUCH 

T 


A 


Q 



p p 



A A, A A.— Goal Lines. PP, PP.— Goal Posts. 
TT. TT.— Touch Lines. QQ, QQ.— Touch in Goal. 



The Touch Lines and Goal Lines should be cut out of the Turf or 
otherwise well defined. 



The Field-of-Play should not exceed 110 yards in length nor 75 yards 
in breadth, and should be as near those dimensions as practicable. 



The maximum extent of the Dead-Ball Line is 25 yards 



The Post and Flags marking the centre and 25 yards should be kept 
well back from the touch-lines. 



-.-i/ 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. S 

to the dead-ball lines, are called In-Goal. The goal lines are in- 
goal. 

Touch. — Those portions of the ground immediately at the 
sides of the field of play and between the goal lines, if produced, 
are called Touch. 1 he touch lines and all posts and tiags mark- 
ing these lines, or the centre, or twenty-five-yards lines, are in 
touch. 

ToucH-iN-GuAL.— Those portions of the ground immediately 
at the four corners of the field-of-play, and between the goal 
and touch lines, if respectively produced, are called Touch-in- 
Goal. The corner posts and flags are in touch-in-goal. 

A Drop-Kick is made by letting the ball fall from the hands 
and kicking it as it rises. 

A Place-Kick is made by kicking the ball after it has been 
placed on the ground for the purpose. 

A Punt is made by letting the ball fall from the hands and 
kicking it before it touches the ground. 

A Tackle is when the holder of the ball is held by one or 
more players of the opposite side. 

Held is when the player carrying the ball cannot pass it. 

A Scrummage, which can only take place in the field of play, 
is formed by one or more players from each side closing round 
the ball when it is on the ground, or by their closing up in readi- 
ness to allow the ball to be put on the ground between them. 

A Try is gained by the player who first puts his hand on the 
ball on the ground in his opponents' in-goal. 

A Touch Down is when a player touches down, as above, in 
his own in-goal. 

A Goal is obtained by kicking the ball from the field of play, 
except from a punt, from a kick-ofif, or from a drop-out, direct 
(i. e., without touching the ground or any player of either side) 
over the opponents' cross-bar, whether it touch such cross-bar, 
or the goal posts, or not. 

Knocking-On and Throwing-Forward are propelling the ball 
by the hand or arm in the direction of the opponents' in-goal ; a 
throw-out of touch cannot be claimed as a throw-forward. 

A Fair Catch is a catch made direct from a kick, or knock- 
on, or throw-forward, by one of the opposite side ; the catcher 
must immediately claim the same by making a mark with his 
heel at the spot where he made the catch. 

Kick-Off is a place kick from the centre of the field-of-play; 
the opposite side may not stand within ten yards of the ball, nor 
charge until the ball be kicked, otherwise another kick-off shall 
be allowed. If the ball pitch in touch the ouposite side may 
have it kicked-off again. 



6 SPALDING-S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

Drop-Out is a drop-kick from within twenty-five yards of the 
kicker's goal Hne ; within which distance the opposite side may 
not charge, otherwise another drop-out shall be allowed. If the 
ball pitch in touch the opposite side may have it dropped out 
again. 

At kick-off the ball must reach the limit of ten yards, and at 
drop-out must reach the twenty-five yards line. If otherwise, 
the opposite side may have the ball re-kicked, or scrummaged 
at the centre or in the middle of the twenty-five yards line, as 
the case may be. 

OFFSIDE (See Laws 7 and 8). 
3. In all matches a Referee and two Touch-Judges must be 
appointed, the former being mutually agreed upon. The Referee 
must carry a whistle, the blowing of which shall stop the game; 
he must whistle in the following cases : 

(a) When a player makes and claims a fair catch. 

(b) When he notices rough or foul play or misconduct. For 

the first offense he shall either caution the player or 
order him off the ground, but for the second offense 
he must order him off. If ordered off, the player 
must be reported by him to this Union. 

(c) When he considers that the continuation of play is 

dangerous. 

(d) When he wishes to stop the game for any purpose. 

(c) If the ball or a player running with the ball touch him. 

(/) At half-time and no-side, he being the sole time-keep- 
er, having sole power to allow extra time for delays, 
but he shall not whistle for half-time or no-side un- 
til the ball be held or out of play. 

(g) When he notices any irregularity of play whereby the 
side committing such gain an advantage. 
• (//) When he notices a breach of Laws 5 and 15. 

(i) When he wishes to enforce any penalty under Law II. 
(;■) When a goal is kicked. 
(A^ When the ball goes into touch in goal. 
(7) When the ball or a player running with it touch him, 
in which case it shall be scrummaged at the spot. 
The Referee shall be sole judge in all matters of fact, but as 
to matters of law. there shall be the right of appeal to the Rugby 
Union. 

The Touch Judges shall carry flags, and shall each take one 
side of the ground, outside the field of play, and the duty of 
each shall be to hold up his flag when and where the ball goes 
into touch, or touch in goal, and also to assist the referee when 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 7 

kicks at goal from a try, fair catch, or free kicks arc being 
taken, each standing at a goal post. 

4. The Captains of the respective sides shall toss for the 
choice of in-goal or the kick-off. Each side shall play an equal 
time from each in-goal, and a match shall be won by a ma- 
jority of points ; if no point be scored, or the number is equal, 
the match shall be drawn. 

The following shall be the mode of scoring: 

A Try equals 3 points. 

A Penalty Goal " 3 

A Goal from a Try (in which case the 

Try shall not count) " 5 

Any other Goal " 4 

5. At the time of the kick-off, all the kicker's side shall be 
behind the ball ; if any are in front, the referee shall blow his 
whistle and order a scrummage where the kick-off took place. 
The game shall be re-started by a kick-off. — 

(a) After a goal, by the side losing such goal, and 

(b) After half-time by the opposite side to that which 

started the game. 

III.— MODE OF PLAY.— DEFINITIONS. 

6. When once the game is started, the ball may be kicked 
or picked up and run with by any player who is on-side, at any 
time, except that it may not be picked up — 

(a) In a scrummage. 

(b) When it has been put down after it has been fairly held, 
(r) When it is on the ground after a player has been 

tackled. 
It may be passed or knocked from one player to another, pro- 
vided it be not passed, knocked, or thrown forward. If a player 
while holding or running with the ball be held, he MUST at once 
put it fairly down between him and his opponents' goal line. 

7. A player is placed off-side, if he enters a scrummage from 
his opponents' side, or if the ball has been kicked, touched or is 
being run with by one of his own side behind him. A player 
can be off-side in his opponents' in-goal, but not in his own, ex- 
cept where one of his side takes a free kick behind his goal line, 
in which case all of his side must be behind the ball when kicked. 

8. An off-side player is placed on-side — 

(a) When an opponent has run five yards with the ball. 

{b) When the ball has been kicked by or has touched an 
opponent. 

(c) When one of his side has run in front of him with 

the ball. 



8 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

((/) When one of his side has run in front of him, having 
kicked the ball when behind him. 
An off-side player shall not play the ball, nor during the time 
an opponent has the ball, run, tackle, or actively or passively ob- 
struct, nor may he approach or wilfully remain within ten yards 
of any player waiting for the ball, for any breach of this law th,; 
opposite side, shall be awarded, at their option — - 

(e) A free kick, the place of such breach being taken as 

the mark. 

(f) A scrummage at the spot where the ball was last 

played by the offending side before such breach oc- 
curred. 

Except in the case of unintentional off-side, when a scrum- 
mage shall be formed where such breach occurred. 

g. If a player makes a fair catch, a free kick shall be awarded 
even though the whistle has been blown for a knock-on or a 
throw forward. Any player on the same side may take the kick 
or place the ball. 

ID. All free kicks may be place-kicks, drop-kicks, or punts, 
but must be in the direction of the opponents' goal-line, and 
across the kicker's goal-line, if kicked from behind the same. 
They may be taken at any spot behind the mark in a line parallel 
to the touch-lines. In all cases the kicker's side must be behind 
the ball when it is kicked, except the player who may be placing 
the ball for a place kick, and it is the duty of the referee to see 
that the ball be kicked from the parallel line. In case of any 
infringement of this law, the referee shall order a scrummage at 
the mark. The opposite side may come up to, and charge from, 
anywhere on or behind a line drawn through the mark and paral- 
lel to the goal lines, and may charge as soon as the kicker com- 
mences to run, or offers to kick, or the ball be placed on the 
ground for a place kick, but in case of a drop-kick or punt the 
kicker may always draw back, and unless he has dropped the 
ball the opposite side must retire to the line of the mark. But 
if any of the opposite side do charge before the player having 
the ball commences to run or offers to kick, or the ball has 
touched the ground for a place kick (and this applies to tries 
at goal as well as free kicks), provided the kicker has not taken 
his kick, the charge may be disallowed. 

IV.— PENALTIES. * 

II. Free kicks by way of penalties shall be awarded if any 
player — • 

(a) Intentionally either handles the ball, or falls down in 
a scrummage, or picks the ball out of a scrummage. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 8 

(/?) Having tlic ball, does not imniediateU' put it down in 

front of liim, on it being beid. 
((•) Being on tbe ground, does not immediately get up. 

(d) Prevents an opponent getting up or putting the ball 

down. 

(e) Illegally tackles, charges or obstructs, as in Law 8. 
If) Wilfully holds an opponent who has not got the ball. 
(g) Wilfully liacks, hack-over, or trips up. 

(Ii) Wilfully puts the ball unfairly into a scrummage, or, 
the ball having come out, wilfully returns it by hand 
or foot into the scrummage. 

(;■) Not himself running at the ball, charged or obstructs an 
opponent not holding the ball. 

(;') Shouts "all on side," or words to that effect when his 
players are not on side. 

(k) Not in a scrummage, wilfully obstructs his opponents' 
backs by remaining on his opponents' side of the ball 
when it is in a scrummage. 

(/) Wilfully prevents the ball being put fairly into a 
scrummage. 

(ot) Being in a scrummage, lift a foot from the ground be- 
fore the ball has been put into such scrummage. 

(m) If any player or team wilfully and systematically break 
any law or laws for which the penalty is only a 
scrummage or cause unnecessary loss of time. 
The places of infringement shall be taken as the mark, and any 
one of the side granted the free kick may place or kick the ball. 
On breach of sub-section (/) the opposite side shall be award- 
ed at their option — 

(i) A scrummage where the ball was last played. 

(2) A free kick at the place of infringement. 



v.— GENERAL. 
12. The ball is in touch when it, or a player carrying it, touch 
or cross the touch-line ; it shall then belong to the side opposite 
to that last touching it in the field of play, except when carried 
in. One of the side to whom the ball belongs shall bring it into 
play at the spot where it went into touch by one of the follow- 
ing methods : 

(fl) Throwing it out so as to alight at right angles to the 
touch-line ; or 

(b) Scrummaging it at any spot at right angles to 
the touch line ten yards from the place where it went 
into touch. 



10 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

If the referee blows his whistle because the ball has been 
thrown out so as not to alight at right angles to the touch line, 
the opposite side shall bring it out as in (c). 

13. When the side has scored a try the ball shall be brought 
from the spot where the try was gained into the field of play in 
a line parallel to the touch-lines, such distance as the placer 
thinks proper, and there he shall place the ball for one of his 
side to try and kick a goal ; this place kick is governed by Law 
10 as to charging, etc., the mark being taken as on the goal line. 
It is the duty of the referee to see that the ball is taken out 
straight. 

The referee snail award a try, if, in his opinion, one would 
undoubtedly have been obtained but for unfair play or interfer- 
ence of the defending side ; or, he shall disallow a try and ad- 
judge a touch-down, if in his opinion, a try would undoubtedly 
not have been gained but by unfair play or interference of the 
attacking side. In case of a try so allowed the kick at goal shall 
be taken at any point on a line parallel to the touch lines, and, 
passing through the spot where the ball was when such unfair 
play or interference took place. 

14. If the ball, when over the goal' line and in possession of 
a player, be fairly held by an opposing player before it is ground- 
ed, it shall be scrummaged five yards from the goal line, opposite 
the spot where the ball was held. 

15. After an unsuccessful try or touch down, or if the ball 
after crossing the goal-line go into touch-in-goal or touch, or 
cross the dead-ball line, it shall be brought into play by means 
of a drop out, when all the kicker's side must be behind the 
ball when kicked ; in case any are in front, the referee shall order 
a scrummage on the 25 yards line and equi-distant from the 
touch lines. 

16. In case of a throw forward or knock-on, the ball shall 
be brought back to the place where such infringement occurred 
and there be scrummaged, unless a fair catch has been allowed, 
or unless the opposite side gain an advantage. 

17. If a player shall wilfully kick, pass, knock, or carry the 
ball back across his own goal line, and it there be made dead, 
the opposite side may claim that the ball shall be brought back 
and a scrummage formed at the spot whence it was kicked, 
passed, knocked, or carried back. Under any other circumstances 
a player may touch the ball down in his own in-goal. 

18. Hacking, hacking over, or tripping up are illegal. The 
referee shall have full power to decide what part of a player's 
dress, including boots and projections thereon, buckles, rings, 
etc., are dangerous, and having once decided that any part is 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 11 

dangerous shall order such plaj^er to remove the same, and shall 
not allow him to take further part in the game until such be 
removed. 

19. In case of any law being infringed in in-goal by the at- 
tacking side, a touch-down shall be awarded, but where such 
breach is committed by the defending side, a scrummage shall be 
awarded five yards from the goal line, opposite to the spot where 
the breach occurred. But in the case of any law being broken, 
or any irregularity of play occurring on the part of either side 
not otherwise provided for, the ball shall be taken back to the 
place where the breach of the law or irregularity of play oc- 
curred, and a scrummage formed there. 

20. There shall be an annual close time, during which it is 
illegal to play football where gate-money is taken, such close 
time being between 21st of April and the ist of September. In 
the event in any year of the Tuesday in Easter Week falling later 
than April 21st, for such year the close season shall commence 
from the Wednesday in the Easter Week. 



J2 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

OLYMPIC GAME S EVENTS 

From the Official Handbook of the Olympic Games of Athens. 
MARATHON RACE, 
(o) The Marathon race, 42 kilometers (26 miles), is run on 
the high road from Marathon to Athens. 

(b) The starting line is drawn at a point on the road situated 
42 kilometers (26 miles) from the goal, which is fixed in the 
Stade. 

(c) The competitors are followed by an equal number of 
ofificials on horseback or on bicycles. 

(d) Any runner who impedes the progress of another com- 
petitor will be disqualified, as was arranged in regard to other 
races. In the same way, any runner who shall have attempted 
to shorten the route, by cutting across or by using any other 
means of locomotion, will be disqualified. 

(e) The place of each competitor is determined by lots. If 
the runners are too numerous, two or more rows according to 
requirements will be formed at the start. 

(/) Each runner is entitled to be followed by a person carry- 
ing refreshments, or one commissioned to render him first med- 
ical aid during the course of the race. 

This person may under no circumstances precede the runner, 
and the latter is immediately disqualified should the follower 
have impeded the progress of a competitor. 

STONE THROWING WITH IMPETUS. 

(a) A lump of Pentelique marble is used, oval in form and 
weighing 6 kilogrammes 400 grammes. The stone is. thrown from 
the shoulder with one hand only. 

(b) Instead of the pedestal, a noticeable line is drawn on the 
ground which the competitor may tread on before throwing, but 
he is forbidden to overstep it by the length of a whole foot. 

(c) The length of the run is left to the will of the competitor; 
he may also, during his run, hold the stone in one or both 
hands, until he reaches the limit of the throwing line. 

{d) The competitor has the right to throw the stone, either 
before reaching the line or as he reaches it, but not after having 
passed it. In case of infringement of this rule, the throw counts 
as an unsuccessful attempt ; the same rule applies when the 
thrower passes the line without throwing the stone. 

(e) The distance is measured perpendicularly from the point 
where the stone first touches the ground and the line strving as 
a limit or to its prolongation. 

Each competitor is allowed the same number of attempts as 
in throwing the discus. 



SrALDINGS ATHLETIC LIBRARV. 13 

THROWING THE JAVELIN. 

(a) The Javelin shall be 2.6 meters long (8.1 feet) and 800 
grammes in weight {1.6 pounds). It shall be of wood with a 
sharp iron point, and shall have about the center of gravity a 
grip formed by a binding of whipcord without knots ; it shall not 
be provided with a thong, and the shaft shall not be notched. 

(b) The throwing shall take place from behind a scratch line. 
The thrower may place his foot or feet upon the line, but if either 
foot passes the line entirely before the javelin first strikes the 
ground the throw is invalid. 

(f) No throw shall be counted in which the point of the javelin 
does not strike the ground before any part of the shaft. 

(d) It is open to the competitors to throw with either hand 
and with or without a run. 

(e) The throw is measured from the point at which the point 
of the javelin first strikes the ground perpendicularly to the 
scratch line, or the scratch line produced. 

In the Free Style the manner of holding the javelin is left to 
the absolute discretion of each competitor. 

In the Style in which the javelin is held in the middle, the 
javelin must be held by the grip, and no other method of holding 
is admissible. 

HELLENIC METHODS OF THROWING THE DISCUS. 

(a) For this test a pedestal 80 centimeters long and 70 centi- 
meters broad is inclined, with a maximum height of 15 centi- 
meters behind and a minimum height of 5 centimeters in front. 

{b) The Hellenic method of throwing the discus is something 
like the following : 

The thrower places himself on the pedestal with the feet apart, 
and holding the discus in either hand. He then takes it with 
both hands slightly stretched, lifting them without letting go 
the discus, and stretching out the rest of his body in the same 
way in the same direction. After that he turns the trunk slightly 
to the right and bends sharply, so as to bring the left hand when 
free to the right knee, and the right hand still holding the dis- 
cus. As far back as the build of the shoulder permits. At this 
moment the right foot should be forward and the legs bent ; the 
right foot rests full on the sole, and the left on the toes only. 
Then by a sharp and simultaneous extension of the whole body, 
the thrower throws the discus straight in front of him. 

(c) In this test the competitor has the right to leave the 
pedestal in the verv moment of throwing. 

(d) The distance is measured by a straight line going from 
the point where the discus touches the ground for the first time 
to the middle of the front part of the pedestal. 



SPALDINGS ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



THROWING THE DISCUS (GREEK STYLE) 
FOR YOUTHS 



The Public Schools Athletic League Games Committee, com- 
posed of Jas. E. Sullivan, Chairman, Dr. Luther Halsey Gulick 
and Dr. C. Ward Crampton, have adopted the Greek rules of 
discus throwing, for, after careful consideration, in their opinion 
this method is the most beneficial for schoolboys. Besides, when 
practised after the original Grecian style, it is a distinct sport, 
carrying with it a vast amount of historical sentiment, along 
with being artistic, simple, and undoubtedly harmless to the 
youthful athletic. Furthermore, the Olympic games every four 
years at Athens is an assured fixture for all future time, and if 
Americans are to figure prominently in the event, they might 
as well settle right down and learn the Greek style without 
delay. 

For the purpose of making the exercise of discus throwing 
possible to boys of all ages and grades of muscular power, a 
smaller and lighter discus than that used by adults hr.s been 
adopted. It weighs two and a quarter pounds and measures 
seven inches in diameter. 

Boys who wish to do a little work with the discus should first 
learn how to grasp it, as a good hold means that the thrower 
will get the proper scale. The discus should be held flat against 
the palm of the hand, with the thumb and fingers spread out, 
the edge of the discus resting against the joints of the fore- 
fingers. No effort should be made to grasp the edges, as doing 
so cramps the wrist and hinders the free swing of the arm. If 
the boy is afraid that the discus will drop out of his hand when 
held loosely he can push it with his left against the fingers and 
palm of the right hand. 

As the preliminary movements and poises of the thrower on 
the pedestal and the right and wrong way are explained by 
Positions Nos. i, 2, 3, 4 and 5, No. 5 is the most important 
figure of the lot. It explains where the thrower makes his 
effort and scales the discus away from him. As he starts to 
bring the discus from above his head the right arm should 
swing by the side, while the left arm is brought back to the 
outside of the right knee, at the same time the body should 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 15 

bend and turn to the right, and the discus should be made to 
describe a semi-circle until the hand holding the discus should 
be extended back on a level with the head. Then a quick sweep 
of the arm should be made and it should be first downward and 
then upward before it leaves the hand. Care should be ex- 
ercised that this sweep of the arm is by the side, as anything 
else will be termed foul. As the final sweep of the arm is made 
the thrower should jump forward out of the pedestal or box 
of dirt; that is, he should jump when his arm is about even 
with his thigh. Then the discus will be at its lowest point 
and the leap forward will impart extra force to the throw. All 
these positions were posed for by Martin J. Sheridan, holder of 
the world's record for throwing the discus, free style, or from 
a circle with a turn. 

The simplest plan of arranging the pedestal is to get a rough 
deal box twenty-seven inches wide by thirty inches long, and. 
two inches high in front and eight inches behind. This can be 
filled with cinders mixed with yellow clay, and when wet and 
pounded will be hard and springy. A box made this way can 
be moved to any part of the ground and will be preferable to a 
stationary one. 

ADVICE TO JUDGES AND REFEREE. 

See that when the thrower stands in the pedestal the right 
leg is forward of the left. 

That the discus is raised straight above the head, grasped with 
both hands and the arms extended fully. 

That the right arm is brought straight down by the side, and 
when the thrower crouches, the left hand rests by the side of the 
right knee. 

That the arm is swept by the side only in the final movement 
of the throw. That overhand, round-the-body or horizontal 
swings are foul. That the hand holding the discus must not 
swing around the hips or behind the left leg. It is optional with 
the thrower to turn his body to the right when he swings the 
arm back for the final heave. 

Following are the official rules of discus throwing adopted 
by the Public Schools Athletic League: 

OFFICIAL RULES FOR THROWING THE DISCUS. 

The discus shall weigh not less than 2^4 lbs., and shall be 
inade of wood, encircled with a smooth iron rim. The discus 
shall be 7 inches in its horizontal diameter and i^ inches in 
its vertical diameter through the center. The center on each 



16 SPALblNGfS ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

side uf the discus shall be capped with a smooth nietal plate 
2^ inches in diameter. No special discus shall be allowed, but 
a competitor may use his own discus, provided it is the approved 
shape and correct in weight, in which case the other competi- 
tors are at libert}' to use it also. 

It shall be thrown from a square pedestal or box of dirt 30 
inches long and 27 inches broad and sloping forward with a 
height of 2 inches in front and 8 inches behind. A whitewash 
line shall be drawn across the pedestal 15 inches from the front 
board, and in throwing, the competitor must keep his front or 
right foot forward of this line, with the left foot behind it. 
Another whitewash line shall be drawn parallel to .the front 
board of the pedestal and extending 15 feet on each side or 30 
feet in all. From the extreme ends of this line two lines shall 
be drawn, parallel and at right angles to the base line, out on the 
throwing ground for a distance of 130 feet. These lines shall 
form a boundary for the throws, and any throw falling on the 
outside to be declared foul. 

To execute the throw, the competitor places himself in the 
pedestal with the feet apart, the right foot forward, provided 
he is right handed, and vice versa, if he is left handed, and 
holding the discus in either hand. He then grasps it with 
both hands and raises it straight above his head. As the discus 
is held aloft the body should lean forward slightly, and as the 
thrower starts to make his effort the trunk should be turned 
slightly to the right and the body bent sharply so that the left 
hand when free swings outside and below the right knee and the 
right holding the discus is stretched as far back as the ex- 
tension of the shoulder will allow. At this moment the right 
knee should be bent, with the foot resting full on the sole, the 
left leg almost straight, and the foot resting on the toes. Then, 
by a sharp and simultaneous exertion of the whole body, the 
thrower scales the discus away in front of him. The critical 
part of the throw is the action of the arm at the moment of 
delivery. The final sweep of the arm must be distinctly by the 
side and be clearly in an underhand direction. Round arm, 
like a cricket bowler, horizontal, arch, or overarm swings to be 
foul. Neither must there be the least tendency of the arm to 
swing around the body. 

The measurement of the throw to be from the center of the 
pedestal to where the discus first strikes the ground. 

The thrower may leave the pedestal at the moment of thrcw- 

Trials and other conditions of competition to be the same as 
the i6-lb. hammer, shot, or 56-lb. weight. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY 



WATER POLO RULES 

As Adopted by the Amateur Swimming Association of England. 

Published by Permission of The Cricket Press, London, England. 

1. Bail. — The ball to be round and fully inrtated. It shall 
measure not less than 26^-^ inches nor more than 28'/4 inches in 
circumference. It shall be waterproof, with no strapped seams 
outside, and no grease or other objectionable substance on the 
surface. The Ball to be furnished by the home team. 

2. Goals. — The width of the goals to be 10 feet, the cross-bar 
to be 3 feet above the surface when the water is 5 feet or over 
in depth, and to be 8 feet from the bottom when the water is less 
than 5 feet in depth. The goal posts and goal nets to be fur- 
nished by the home team. 

3. Caps and Flags. — One team shall wear dark blue caps anci 
the other team white caps. Both goal-keepers shall wear red 
caps. Each goal-scorer shall be provided with a red flag, and 
the referee with a dark blue and white flag and bell. 

4. Field of Play. — The distance between the goals shall not 
exceed 30 yards, nor be less than 19 yards, the width shall not 
be more than 20 yards and shall be of even width throughout 
the field of play. iThe goal posts shall be fixed at least one foot 
from the end of the bath, or any obstruction. In baths the half- 
way line and also the 4 yards penalty lines shall be marked on 
both sides. 

5. Depth. — The water shall not be shallower than 3 feet. 

6. Time. — The duration of the match shall be 14 minutes, 7 
minutes each way. Three minutes to be allowed at half-time 
for change of ends. When the ball crosses the goal-line, whether 
it be a goal, corner throw or goal throw, it shall be dead until 
the re-start of the game or until it leaves the hand of the player 
taking the throw, and such time shall be deducted. Time occu- 
pied by disputes or fouls, or when the ball is thrown from the 
field of play or lodges on an obstruction, as per Rule 21, shall 
not be reckoned as in the time of play. 

7. Officials. — The officials shall consist of a referee, a time- 
keeper and two goal-scorers. 

8. Referee. — The referee's duties shall be to :tart the game, 
stop all unfair play, decide all cases of dispute, declare fouls, 



18 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

goals, half-time, and time, and see that these rules are properly 
carried out. He shall decide upon all goals, whether signified or 
not. The referee's decision is final. 

Note. — 'A referee may alter his decision provided such altera- 
tion be notified before the ball is again in play. A referee has 
power to stop play at any period of the game if in his opinion 
the behavior of the players or spectators or other exceptional 
circumstances prevents the match from coming to a proper con- 
clusion. 

9. Goal Scorers. — The goal scorers shall stand at the side near 
each goal, and when they consider that the ball has passed 
through the goal or over the goal line, at their respective ends 
only, they shall signify their decision to the referee by means of 
a red flag. They shall not change ends, and shall keep the score 
of goals of each team at their respective ends. 

10. Tea)us. — Each side shall consist of seven players, who 
shall wear dark blue and white caps respectively, and drawers, 
or costumes with drawers underneath the costumes. In baths, 
no grease, oil, or other objectionable substance shall be rubbed 
on the body. 

11. Captains. — The captains shall be playing members of the 
teams they represent ; they shall agree upon all preliminaries 
and shall toss for choice of ends. If they are unable to agree 
upon any point, the referee shall decide fcr them. 

12. Starting. — The players shall enter the water and place 
themselves in a line with their respective goals. The referee 
shall stand in a line with the centre of the course, and having 
ascertained that the captains are ready, shall give the word "Go," 
and immediately throw the ball into the water at the centre. A 
goal shall not be scored after starting or re-starting until the 
ball has been handled {viz., played with the hand below the 
wrist) either by two members of one team, in which case the 
scorer shall be within half-distance of the goal attacked, or by 
a player of each team. The ball must be handled (viz., played 
with the hand below the wrist) by more than one player before 
a goal can be scored. 

13. Scoring. — A goal shall be scored by the entire ball passing 
beyond the goal posts and under the cross-bar. 

14. Ordinary Fouls. — It shall be a foul : — 

(a) To touch the ball with both hands at the same time. 

(b) To hold the rail or side during any part of the game. 

(c) To stand on or touch the bottom during any part of 

the game, unless for the purpose of resting. 

(d) To interfere with an opponent or impede him in any 

way, unless he is holding the ball, 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 19 

(c) To hold the ball under the water when tackled. 

(f) To jump from the bottom or push off from the side 

(except at starting or re-starting) in order to play 
the ball or duck an opponent. 

(g) To hold, pull back, or push off from an opponent. 
(/;) To turn on the back and kick at an opponent. 

(i) To assist a player at the start or re-start. 

{j) For the goal-keeper to go more than four yards from 

his own goal line. 
(k) To throw the ball at the goal-keeper from a free throw. 
(/) To refuse to play the ball at the command of the ref- 
eree after a foul or after the ball has been out of the 
field of play. 
Note. — Dribbling or striking the ball is not holding, but lifting, 
carrying, pressing under water, or placing the hand under or over 
the ball when actually touching, is holding. Dribbling the ball 
up and through the posts is permissible. Deliberate splashing 
on the face of an opponent is a foul under Clause D. 

15. • iniful Fouls. — If, in the opinion of the referee, a player 
commits an ordinary foul wilfully, the referee shall at once 
order him out of the water until a goal has been scored. It shall 
be considered a wilful foul to start before the word "Go," to 
deliberately waste time, or for a player to take up a position 
within two yards of his opponent's goal. To deliberately change 
position after the whistle has gone, with a view to taking an 
advantage of an opponent. To deliberately splash in the face of 
an opponent. 

Note. — In the event of a referee ordering a player out of the 
water and such player refusing, the game shall be stopped, the 
match awarded to the other side, and the offending player re- 
ported to his Association. In the event of a referee ordering a 
player out of the water for misconduct or a wilful foul he shall 
not re-enter after a goal has been scored except by permission 
of the referee. 

16. Free Tlirozcs. — The penalty for each foul shall be a free 
throw to the opposing side from the place where the foul oc- 
curred. A goal cannot be scored from a free throw unless the 
ball has been handled (vie, played with the hand below the 
wrist), by at least one other player, the goal-keeper excepted. 

17. Penalty Throw.- — A player wilfully fouled when within 
four yards of his opponents' goal line shall be awarded a pen- 
alty throw, and the player who commits the offense must be 
ordered out of the water until a goal has been scored. The 
penalty throw shall be taken from any point on the four-yard 
line. In the case of a penalty throw it shall not be necessary 



20 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

for the ball to be handled by any other player before a goal can 
be scored, but any player within the four-yard line may inter- 
cept a penalty throw. 

Note. — ^A player ordered out of the water for committing a 
wilful foul must remain out until a goal has been scored, not- 
withstanding that half-time may intervene or extra time be 
played, except by permission of the referee. 

i8. Declaring Fouls. — The referee shall declare a foul by 
blowing a whistle and exhibiting the color of the side to which 
the free throw is awarded. The player nearest to where the foul 
occurred shall take the throw. The other players shall remain 
in their respective positions from the blowing of the whistle 
until the ball has left the hand of the player taking the throw. 
In the event of one or more players from each team committing 
a foul so nearly at the same moment as to make it impossible 
for the referee to distinguish who offended &rst, he shall have 
the ball out of the water and throw it in as nearly as possible 
at the place where the foul occurred, in such a manner that one 
member of each team may have equal chance of playing the ball. 
In such cases the ball must be allowed to touch the water before 
it is handled and must be handled (/. c, played with the hand 
below the wrist) by more than one player before a goal can be 
scored. 

19. Goal-Keeper. — The goal-keeper may stand to defend his 
goal, and must not throw the ball beyond half-distance ; the 
penalty for doing so shall be a free throw to the opposing side 
from half-distance at either side of the field of play. The goal- 
keeper must wear a red cap. He must keep within four yards 
of his own goal or concede a free throw from the four-yard line 
to his nearest opponent. The goal-keeper is exempt from 
clauses (a), (c) and {f) in Rule 14, but be may be treated as 
any other player when in possession of the ball. Except when 
injury or illness compels him to leave the water (when Rule 23 
shall apply), the goal-keeper can only be changed at half-time. 

Note. — 'In the event of a goal-keeper being ordered out of the 
water, his side cannot appoint another goal-keeper except at 
half-time, as defined in Rule 19, and any player defending the 
goal in his place shall be considered an ordinary player and not 
come under the special limitations and exceptions attached to a 
goal-keeper. 

20. Goal Line Corner Throzvs. — A player throwing the ball 
over his own goal line shall concede a free corner throw to his 
opponents, and such free corner throw shall be taken by the 
player on the opposing side nearest the point where the ball 
leaves the field of play, if the attacking side throw the ball over 
it shall be a free goal throw to their opponents' goal-keeper. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 21 

Note. — In the event of the ball having become dead by being 
thrown over the goal line, it must not be considered in play until 
it has left the goal-keeper's hands. If a goal-keeper puts the ball 
in play, and, before any other player has handled it takes it again 
and allows it to pass fully through his goal, a corner throw shall 
be awarded to the opposing side. 

21. Out of Play. — Should a player send the ball out of the 
field of play at either side, it shall be thrown in any direction 
from where it went out by one of the opposing side, and shall 
be considered a free throw. The player nearest the point where 
the ball leaves the field of play must take the throw. Should a 
ball strike an overhead obstruction and rebound into the field of 
play it shall be considered in play, but if it lodges on or in an 
overhead obstruction it shall be considered out of play, and the 
referee shall then stop the game and throw the ball into the 
water under the obstruction on or in which it had lodged. 

22. Declaring Goals, Time, Etc. — The referee shall declare 
fouls, half-time and time by whistle ; goals by bell. The time- 
keeper may notify half-time and time by whistle. 

23. Leaving the Water. — A player leaving the water, or sit- 
ting or standing on the steps, or sitting on the side of the bath 
in which the match is being played, except at half-time or by 
permission of the referee, shall not re-enter it until a goal has 
been scored, or until half-time. Should a player leave the water 
he can only re-enter at his own goal line. Any player or players 
leaving the water during the progress of a game without per- 
mission of the referee (except in case of illness or accident), or 
refusing to enter the water at the request of the referee, shall be 
deemed guilty of misconduct, and be liable to suspension by the 
body governing the particular match in which he is competing. 



22 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

WATER PUSH BALL 

By Alex Meffert, Missouri Athletic Club, St. Louis. 



Pushing or shoving the ball against the end of the tank sc 
that the ball touches the end wall, counts as a "goal" and scores 
I point. 

THE GAME. 

1. The ball shall be out of bounds only when it has been 
raised over the sides of the tank, ball to be returned to the cen- 
ter of the tank on a line from where it left. Both sides to line 
up 2 yards from ball and resume play at the whistle. 

2. After each goal the ball shall be put in play at the center 
of the tank. 

3. Two halves, of five minutes duration, shall be played with 
five minutes rest between. 

4. Before the ball is in play no player shall interfere with 
an opponent. 

5. A player once removed from the game shall not again play 
in the half. 

6. Rough plaving or fouls to be penalized by the referee at 
his option, by allowing a flying charge; or, in case of continued 
fouling by one of the team, he may order player from the tank, 
in which case no other man will be allowed to take his place on 
the team until after a goal is scored. 

7. Tackling will only be permissible when the player is within 
three feet of the ball, and then cannot be held under. 

8. Holding swimmer back by any means when outside of the 
three-foot radius is a fotd. 



FLYING CHARGE. 

9. The team given the privilege may start as far back of the 
ball as they wish, swim toward it and strike the ball with all 
their momentum, at any angle, the opposing side to remain two 
yards away from the ball until same is put in motion. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



THE FIELD. 



The field of play shall be in a tank of water not less than 
60 feet in length and 20 feet in breadth, the boundary to be the 
sides of tank. 

THE BALL. 

The ball shall be of rubber, blown tight, and not less than 4 
feet in diameter. 

GOALS. 

Goals shall consist of the ends of the tank. 



Teams shall consist of six men, as follows: Four forwards 
and two goal keepers. 

OFFICIALS. 

The officials shall be one referee, two time-keepers and one 
scorer. 

DUTIES OF THE REFEREE. 

The referee shall blow his whistle when the ball has touched 
the ends of the tank, and declare a goal. And shall then place 
the ball in the center of the tank to resume play. On beginning 
play, the players will line up at their goal ends of the tank and 
plunge and swim for the hall when the referee blows his whistle. 

The referee shall be sole judge of the plays, and for fouling 
or any kind of rough play shall, at his discretion, penalize the 
team in fault by allowing a flying charge by the opposing team. 

DUTIES OF THE SCORER. 

Scorer to keep an accurate account of all goals allowed and 
announce same at the end of each half. 

DUTIES OF THE TIME-KEEPER. 

Shall note when the game starts and shall blow his whistle at 
the end of ten minutes actual playing time. Time consumed in 
stoppages shall be deducted. 



In case of tie, the referee shall stop the game, announce 
tie, then order the game continued until goal is scored. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



SACK RACING 

The regulation sack is to be of strong burlap or similar ma- 
terial ; its dimensions 36 inches wide throughout by 6 feet long, 
with a strong running cord at the top. 

Competitors must be tied securely in their sacks with arms 
inside and sacks drawn close about the neck, and must finisl 
with arms inside, sacks still tied and intact as at start. , 

WALL SCALING 

Wall Scaling shall consist of a run of 50 yards and return over 
a course which includes, at its mid-point, a wall of smooth sides. 
This wall shall be 10 feet high, with a base and top of 6 and 4 
feet, respectively. It shall be of sections not more than 12 feet 
long, set 6, or more, inches apart, of which there shall be one for 
each team competing simultaneously; or, if several sections be 
built together, it shall be divided into sections of the foregoing 
length by bands, 4 inches in width, of a color in strong contrast 
to that of the remainder of the wall. 

Teams shall consist of eight men equipped with the service 
rifle, or a dummy of not less weight, together with cartridge 
belt, bayonet scabbard, bayonet, and wearing a service hat. The 
character of shoes worn is left optional with each team. 

Teams shall start as a squad (four) in double rank, cross the 
wall without touching any part of an adjoining section and the 
arms shall not be thrown or dropped. 

The passing of arms, except by hand, or the encroaching of 
any member upon adjoining sections shall constitute a foul. Each 
and every foul shall be penalized by the addition of two seconds 
to the actual time of the team. 

Every member of a team shall return to the finish with each 
article of equipment that was carried at the start. 

The time of a team shall be the time that elapsed between the 
start and the return to the starting line of the last man of the 
team, plus two seconds for each foul committed by its members. 

THREE LEGGED RACE 

Competitors must be tied securely together at the thighs and 
ankles of one leg each. The fastenings at the thighs to be such 
as to keep them practically in contact. At the ankles there, may 
be an interval not exceeding 4 inches. Competitors must finish 
with fastenings intact so far as these requirements provide. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBKART. 



SHUFFLEBOARD RULES 



The length of the board must be thirty feet, and the width 
must not exceed twenty inches. 

The Shuffleboard should be m^de of one solid plank, of 
white wood or white pine, and as thick as possible, to prevent 
warping. 

The surface of the board shall not exceed three feet from 
the floor. 

The gutter must be four and a half inches wide, and shall go 
entirely around the board. 

Four round pieces or weights, of hard, cast iron, marked A, 
and 4 marked B, to distinguish the opponents, are used, each 
weighing from three-quarters of a pound to one pound, about 
two inches in diameter, and half an inch thick, which should be 
fine castings and smooth on the bottom. 

Before commencing to play, the surface of the board should 
be sprinkled with very fine sand, perfectly dry, and during the 
game, players can sand the board if they desire. 

About five inches from the ends of the board a straight line 
should be drawn, and should be parallel with the ends. This 
is called the "deuce" line. 

All pieces over the deuce line count two. and if a piece hangs 
over the end of the board, it is called a "ship." and counts three. 

When at the end of round no piece is "in," then that piece 
which lays nearest to the line counts one point. Twenty-one 
points constitute a game. 

In a four-handed game, one opponent from each side must 
stand at the end of the board, not changing from one end of 
the board to the other, as in a regular game, but remain as thev 
started, shoving the pieces alternately; the winning man at 
cither end always taking the lead. 

When either piece rebounds from the end of the board, said 
piece does not count and must be taken off. 

The scoring board is like a crib board, placed against wall 
with pegs to count with. Board and table should he fastened 
against wall to insure firmness. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



RULES FOR SNOWSHOEING 



Article I.— Of the Shoe. 

The snowshoe shall be made of wood, and hide or gut. 

The shoes, including strings, shall not be less than i^/^ pounds 
in weight at start and finish of competition, and shall measure 
not less than lo inches gut, in width. They shall be weighed at 
the start and finish of each competition by a person appointed 
for that purpose. 

In boy's races, snowshoes of any width and weight may be 
used. 

Obiections to a competitor's shoes shall be made before the 
start. 

Article II.— 0/ Starting. 

All starting shall be by report of pistol after a preliminary 
caution. 

A snap cap is not a start. 

If any competitor starts before the signal, he shall be put 
back one yard for each of the first two oflfences, and disqualified 
upon a third. 

Article III.— 0/ Position as Starting. 

Competitors shall draw lots for choice of position at starting. 

In races in heats, the competitors' positions at the end of each 
heat shall decide their choice of positions at starting for the 
next heat. 

Article IV.— Heat Races. 

A competitor must win two heats to be winner of the race. 

A competitor not winning a heat or making a dead heat in 
the first three heats will not be allowed to start in any subse- 
quent heat. 

A dead heat shall be counted in the race and shall be consid- 
ered a heat which is undecided onlv as between the competi- 
tors making it, and it shall be considered a heat lost by all the 
other competitors. 

The rank of competitors, other than the winner, shall be de- 
cided by their position in each heat of the race, i. e., a com- 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 27 

petitor winning a heat shall be considered better than one 
mailing a dead heat, and a dead heat better than only second 
place in any heat, and a second place better than only third in 
any heat. 

In the event of two or more competitors being equal for sec- 
ond or third places, such competitors shall run off a decidinsf 
heat. 

In all cases competitors must race out their distance to qualify 
for starting in succeeding heats. 

Article V. — Brushing. 

No competitor shall cross the track of another competitor to 
take it, until he shall be six feet in advance of that competitor. 

In races round a course, a competitor must pass on the out- 
side, but if a competitor in advance deliberately draws out of 
his track' and leaves his successor room to pass him on the in- 
side, that successor may do so. 

Article VI. — Disqualifications. 

The judges may disqualify a competitor for persistent false 
starts, for disobedience to their orders, or to those of the starter, 
or for deliberately jostling or impeding any other competitor. 

Article VII. — Winning. 
That competitor is winner, whose breast first reaches the tape. 

Article Yll\.— Hurdle Races. 

In hurdle races, a runner who leaps on a hurdle, runs through 
or around it, vaults it, or passes it in any other way than by 
fairly leaping over it, commits a foul and shall be disqualified. 

Article IX. — Running Fraudulently. 

Whenever a competitor shall run not to win, he shall be dis- 
qualified for twelve months from starting in any race governed 
by these rules. 

Article X. — Losing a Shoe. 

So long as both snowshoes remain attached to the feet or 
ankles, a runner may continue his race. 

A runner cannot, however, carry his shoe in his hand in event 
of its slipping from his foot. 



28 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LlBKAKi:. 

Article XI. — Assistance. 

It shall be considered foul for any competitor to be assisted by 
any one during a race when such assistance necessitates touch- 
ing the competitor. 

Article XII. — Accidents and Interferences. 

In case where a competitor meets with an accident in ordinary 
course, the judges may not interfere. 

If an accident be caused by the friends of another competitor 
in assisting him, then the other competitor shall be disqualified. 

Article XIII.— riVn^r Betzveen Heats. 

In all races in heats, where the distance shall be 200 yards or 
less, the time allowed between heats shall be not less than two 
minutes, nor more than five minutes. In all cases in heats, 
where the distance exceeds 200 yards and does not exceed half 
a mile, the time allowed between heats shall be not less than 
four minutes, nor more than ten minutes. 

Article XIV.— Hour of Starting. 

The Judges shall decide all matters of time connected with 
starting. 

No delay after the appointed time for starting shall be per- 
mitted for the convenience of any competitor. 

Article XV.— Objections. 

Any objection to a competitor for fouling must be made 
within five minutes after the conclusion of the race. 

Objections as to qualifications, entries, etc., must be made be- 
fore the start, unless the fact on which the objection is based 
was not known to the objector at the time. In this after case 
objections may be made within forty-eight hours after the race. 

This does not apply to Sec. 4, of Article I. 

Article XVI.— Post Entries. 

Post entries, except for club or consolation races, shall not be 
allowed. 

Article XVII. — Judges Betting. 
Judges must not bet upon a race over which they preside. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 29 

Article XVIII. — Decisions and Appeals. 

The decisions of the Judges on matters of fact is final. 

A club shall be considered the best judge of its own by-laws, 
qualifications of membership, etc. 

From the decision of the Judges, on any question of inter- 
pretation of law, an appeal shall lie to three experts, the appel- 
lant selecting one. the Judges, and these two deciding on a 
third. Such appeal must be declared at once. 

Article XIX. — Distances. 

In races in heats there shall be no distance post when the 
course is less than 440 yards. 

When the course is of 440 yards, the distance post shall be 50 
yards from the finish. When the course is of 880 yards the dis- 
tance post shall be 80 yards from the finish. 

If a competitor shall not have reached the distance post by 
the time the winner shall have reached the winning post, such 
competitor shall be distanced, and must not start for any suc- 
ceeding heat of such race. 



Article XX. — Measurement of Track. 
The track shall be measured three feet from the bushes. 

Article XXI. — Green Runner. 

A green runner is one who has never won a first prize in any 
snowshoe race. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



SHEFFIELD RULES FOR THE GOVERN- 
MENT OF PROFESSIONAL RACING 



Any man entering a handicap except in his proper name, or 
having changed his residence, must state his late and present 
abode at the time of entry, or, having won a handicap at any 
time and not stating it or in any way to lead the handicappers 
astray, for any of these offences he will be disqualified and his 
entrance and acceptance money will be forfeited. 

Any man winning a handicap after the entries are published 
will be put back two yards, and one yard for being second, or 
any man running second to the winner in either of his heats 
will be put back half a yard. Penalties not accumulative. 

Any man leaving or getting over his mark with either foot 
before the pistol is fired, will be put back one yard for the first 
offence, two yards for the second, and the third time disqualified. 

If any man gets over his mark and after being put back runs 
a dead heat, in running off such heat, the man penalized must 
start from his original mark. 

No objection will be entertained unless made by 8 P. M. on 
the first day's running, and the person making such objection 
must deposit the sum of five pounds in the hands of the pro- 
prietor, and should the objection made not be sustained, the 
money deposited shall be forfeited and go toward paying ex- 
penses, to be decided by the proprietor and the committee. 

In the event of a dead heat being run and one of the men 
afterwards walks over, after such heats, all bets about either 
man for that heat shall be added together and divided. 

Should the final result in a dead heat, the two dead heaters 
must divide the first and second prize equally and all bets made 
about either man winning the handicap right out, must be added 
together and divided. 

In the event of any disturbance taking place or darkness com- 
ing on, the proprietor or the committee shall have the power to 
postpone the running of any heat or heats until the following 
day, except when a Sunday intervenes, in which case it shall be 
adjourned until the Monday. 

The decision of the referee shall be final without any appeal 
to a court of law. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



RULES GOVERNING DOG RACING 



Rule i. — Color, weight, name, and sex must be sent in at 
time of entry. If a pup, age must be stated. 

Rule 2. — All false entries shall be disqualified. 

Rule 3. — All dogs must be weighed in before the first heat is 
run, or they will forfeit the right to start. No ounces allowed ; 
every dog to run at weight entered. 

Rule 4. — To ascertain if a dog is out of weight, put on two 
ounces ; if the dog draws the two ounces, he is out of weight, 
and is disqualified. 

Rule 5.— Every dog to start from the mark on which it is 
handicapped. Scratch dog to start from the right side of track, 
and the other dogs to be placed next to him in accordance with 
this rule. If there are two scratch dogs, or two dogs on the 
same mark, they must toss for choice of position. The marks 
of all dogs remain the same, no matter who fails to weigh in, or 
who may be withdrawn. 

Rule 7. — All dogs to start by report of pistol. 

Rule 8. — One runner-up only shall be allowed each dog, and 
runners-up must keep on a line with their dog. The referee 
shall have the power to disqualify a dog, in his opinion a run- 
ner-up is acting unfairly on the track. 

Rule g. — Each runner-up must be ten yards over the finishing 
line, before his dog finishes, or the dog will be disqualified. The 
runner-up for the second dog, in the final heat, has the privilege 
of weighing the winning dog. If the winning dog is four 
ounces over the weight at which he is entered, he is disqualified. 

Rule 10. — All dogs to run with colors on, but no dog to be 
disqualified should the color be omitted, either by accident or 
carelessness. 

Rule ii. — In case of a dead heat in one of the rounds, it must 
be run over at once ; the party refusing to run, loses the heat, 
but the remaining dog must run over the course, before the heat 
can be claimed as one. Should a dead heat occur in a final, the 
referee cannot order a run over, if the contestants agree to di- 
vide prize money and bets. 

Rule 12. — In case a dog is held at the mark, the pistol-firer 
shall have the right to declare all betting on the heat void. Any 



32 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

dog held at the mark in a final heat, will afterward be handi- 
capped as if he had actually won. 

Rule 13. — After the bell has been rung for a heat, five min- 
utes will be allowed for dogs to be placed on their marks. Any 
dog failing to be at the marks on time, forfeits all rights. 

Rule 14. — No other attendants but the slipper and runner-up 
shall be allowed on the track at the marks. Any party violating 
this rule shall have his dog disqualified by the pistol-firer. 

Rule 15. — The referee shall flag the color of the winning dog 
in each heat. The referee's decision shall be final, and subject 
to no appeal whatever. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



HITCH AND KICK 



The Field Judges shall decide the height at which the tam- 
bourine shall be placed, and shall regulate the succeeding eleva- 
tions. 

Each competitor shall be allowed three trials at each height, 
and if on the third trial he shall fail, he shall be declared out of 
the competition. 

Competitors shall compete in order as placed in the pro- 
gramme ; then those failing, if any, shall have their second trial 
jump in a like order, after which those having failed twice shall 
make their third trial jump. 

Touching the tambourine with foot or any part of the leg 
below the knee, counts as a fair kick and nothing else. 

Springing and kicking without touching the object kicked at 
counts as a try, and must be recorded as one of the three trials. 

The distance of the run shall be unlimited. 

A competitor may decline at any height in his turn, and, by 
so doing forfeits his right to again jump at the height declined. 

The contestants must spring, kick and alight on the same foot. 

The tambourine shall not be more than a foot in diameter. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



LAWS OF BOAT RACING 

As Adopted by the National Association of Amateur Oarsmen 



STARTING. 

1. All boat races shall be started in the following manner: 
The Starter, on being satisfied that the competitors are ready, 
shall give the signal to start. 

2. If the Starter considers the start false, he shall at once 
recall the boats to their stations; and any boat refusing to start 
again shall be disqualified. 

3. Any boat not at its post at the time specified shall be liable 
to be disqualified by the Umpire. 

4. The Umpire may act as Starter if he thinks fit ; where he 
does not so act, the Starter shall be subject to the control of the 
Umpire. 

5. Boats shall be started by their sterns, and shall have com- 
pleted their course when the bows reach the finish. 



6. A boat's own water is its straight course, parallel with 
those of the other competing boats, from the station assigned to 
it at the start to the finish. 

7. Each boat shall keep its own water throughout the race, 
and any boat departing from its own water will do so at its 
peril. 

8. The Umpire shall be sole judge of a boat's own water and 
proper course during the race. 

9. It shall be considered a foul, when, after the race has 
commenced any competitor, by his oar. boat or person, comes in 
contact with the oar, boat or person of another competitor ; 
unless, in the opinion of the Umpire, such contact is so slight as 
not to influence the race. 

ID. No fouling whatever shall be allowed; the boat commit- 
ting a foul shall be disqualified. 

11. The Umpire may, during a race, caution any competitor 
when in danger of committing a foul. 

12. The Umpire shall decide all questions as to a foul. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

13. A claim of foul must be made to the Umpire by the com- 
petitor himself, and if possible, before getting out of his boat.' 

14. In case of a foul, the Umpire shall have the power — (a) 
To place the boats (except the boat committing the foul, which 
is disqualified), in the order in which they come in. (b) To 
order the boats engaged in the race, other than the boat com- 
mitting the foul, to row over again on the same or another day. 
(c) To re-start the qualified boats from the place where the foul 
was committed. 

ACCIDENTS. 

15. Every boat shall abide by its accidents, except when dur- 
ing a race, a boat while in its own water shall be interfered with 
by any outside boat, the Umpire may order the race to be rowed 
over, if, in his opinion, such interference materially affected its 
chances of winning the race. 



ASSISTANCE. 

16. No boat shall be allowed to accompany a competitor for 
the purpose of directing his course or affording him other as- 
sistance. The boat receiving such direction or assistance shall 
be disqualified at the discretion of the Umpire. 

17. The jurisdiction of the Umpire extends over the race 
and all matters connected with it from the time the race is speci- 
fied to start until its final termination, and his decision in all 
cases shall be final and without appeal. 

18. The Judge-at-the-Finish shall report to the Umpire the 
order in which the competing boats cross the line, but the de- 
cision of the race shall rest with and be declared by the Umpire. 

19. Any competitor refusing to abide by the decision or to 
follow the directions of the Umpire, shall be disqualified. 

20. The Umpire, if he thinks proper, may reserve his decision, 
provided that in every case such decision be given on the day 
of the race. 

21. Contestants rowing a dead heat shall compete again after 
such interval as may be appointed, and the contestant refusing 
to so row shall be adjudged to have lost the race. 



TURNING RACES. 

22. In turning races each competitor shall have a separate 
turning stake, and shall turn from port to starboard. Any com- 
petitor may turn any stake other than his own, but does so at 
his peril. 



36 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

REGATTA RULES 

OF THE 

NATIONAL ASS0CL\T10N OF AMATEUR OARSMEN. 

Amended January 16, 1892 ; January 14, 1893 ; January 12, 1895. 



1. This Regatta shall be open to all amateur clubs which 
have been duly organized three months prior to the holding 
of the regatta, except that no entry shall be received from any 
club located in the United States not a member of the Association. 
Entries of individuals will not be received. 

2. No entry shall be accepted by this Association from any 
club located in Canada unless such club is affiliated with or 
endorsed by the Canadian Association of Amateur Oarsmen. 

3. No club shall be allowed to enter any person who has not 
been a member thereof for at least three months preceding the 
regatta, or who has been entered in any race from any other 
club during that time, or zvho diiritig that period has had a resi- 
dence more timii fifty miles from the club he represents; except 
where there is 110 rd'ieiii;^ clith leithiii fifty miles of an oarsman's 
residence, llic tijty-niilc limit d^cs not apply; nor shall any entry 
be received from a club which shall include in its list of members 
any professional oarsman or athlete. 

"In the event of an inter-city contest being added to the list 
of races, the competitors in such race must be members in good 
standing of a club located in the city they represent, and such 
contestants shall be exempted from that provision of this rule 
which forbids an oarsman rowing within three months in any 
other club crew." 

4. The Regatta Committee shall appoint as Secretary any 
person it may deem proper. 

Any club intending to compete for any of the prizes must 
give due notice to the Secretary of the Regatta Committee on or 
before the day appointed for closing the entries. Entries shall 
close two weeks before the date of the regatta. 

5. There shall be sent to the Secretary of the Regatta Com- 
mittee in all cases of entries for eights, a list of not more than 
twelve names ; for fours, not more than six names ; for pair-oars 
and double-sculls, not more than four names ; and for single- 
sculls, not more than one name, and from these the actual crews 
shall be selected. 

The name of the captain or secretary of each club entering 
for any race shall be sent at the time of entrance to the secretary 
of the Regatta Committee. 

A copy of the entrance list shall be forwarded by the secretary 
to the captain or secretary of each club so entered. 

6. No assumed names shall be given to the secretary. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 31 

7. No one shall be allowed to be entered twice for the 
same race. 

8. The secretary shall not be permitted to declare any entry, 
nor to report the state of the entrance list, mitil such list shall 
be closed. 

9. Objections to any entry shall be made in writing to the 
secretary of the Regatta Committee, within seven days from the 
declaration of the entries, when the said committee shall inves- 
tigate the grounds of objection, if any, and decide thereon 
forthwith. 

ID. The races at each regatta shall consist of — 

Single-scull shells, intermediate. 

Single-scull shells, senior. 

Single-scull shells, champion. 

Single-scull shells, senior, quarter mile dash. 

Double-scull shells, intermediate. 

Double-scull shells, senior. 

Four-oared shells, intermediate. 

Four-oared shells, senior. 

International four-oared shell, senior. 

Quadruple-scull shells, senior. 

Eight-oared shells, intermediate. 

Eight-oared shells, senior. 
The senior single-scull shall be open to all duly qualified 
scullers, excepting only the holder of the championship. The 
winner of the senior single-scull race shall at the regatta row the 
champion for the championship prize ; or, the champion not 
appearing, said winner shall, upon rowing over the course, be 
declared entitled to that honor. 

Entrance money for each boat shall be paid to the secretary at 
the time of entering, as follows : 

Eight-oars, $20; four-oars, $15; double sculls, $10; single 
sculls, $5. 

11. All races shall be one mile and a quarter straightaway. 
In all future regattas of this association it shall be left to the 

discretion of the Executive Committee whether the races shall be 
turning or straightaway. 

12. A meeting of the Regatta Committee shall be held immedi- 
ately preceding the regatta, at which the representatives of each 
crew or club entered shall deliver to the secretary of the Regatta 
Committee a list containing the names of the actual crew 
appointed to contend in the ensuing races, to which list the names 
of two other members may be added, either of whom may be 
substituted for any one of the crew in the event of illness or 
accident, subject to Rule 12. 

13. No member of a club shall be allowed to be substituted 
for another, who has already rowed in a heat; nor shall any 



38 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

member of a club be allowed to row with more than one crew, 
for the same prize. 

14. In the event of a dead heat taking place, the same crews 
shall contend again after such interval as the Regatta Committee 
may appoint; any crew refusing shall be adjudged to have lost 
the heat. 

15. In each class two or more entries shall be required to 
insure a race, and should withdrawals, after the entries are 
closed, reduce the number to one boat, the crew thereof must row 
over the course to be entitled to the prize. 

16. Heats and stations shall be drawn for by the Regatta Com- 
mittee in the presence of such competitors, or their representatives 
as may attend, after due notice has been given. 

17. The Regatta Committee shall choose an umpire, more 
than one judge at the turn, and more than one judge at the 
finish. 

18. The laws of boat racing adopted by this Association shall 
be observed at this regatta, and its definition of an amateur oars- 
man shall govern the ciualifications of each competitor. 

19. Entries for races shall be governed by the following 
definitions, adopted at the meeting of tlie Executive Committee, 
held January 12, 1895 : 

COMPETITIONS. 

JUNIORS. 

A Junior Sculler is one who has never won a scull race. 
A Junior Oarsman is one who has never been a winning oars- 
man in a race. 

INTERMEDIATE. 

An Intermediate Sculler is one who has never won an Inter- 
mediate or Senior-scull race. 

An Intermediate Oarsman is one who has never been a win- 
ning oarsman in an Intermediate or Senior race. 

SENIOR SINGLE SCULL RACE. 

The Senior Single Scull race shall be open to all duly qualified 
scullers, excepting the winners of this race in previous regattas 
of this Association. The successful competitors shall be entitled 
to compete in the championship race. 

CHAMPIONSHIP SINGLE SCULL RACE. 

The Championship Single Scull Race shall be open only to 
qualified winners of the Senior Single Scull Race, and if there 
should be only one competitor he shall upon rowing over the 
course be declared entitled to the honor of champion. 

COLLEGE OARSMEN. 

A winning oarsman in a 'varsity race is a Senior. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 39 

A winning oarsman in any other Intercollegiate race is an 
Intermediate. 

COXSWAIN. 

A coxswain shall weigh not less than one hundred and five 
pounds, but shall not be otherwise classified. 

Competitions with members of his own club, or races open to 
no more than two clubs, shall not affect the classification of any 
sculler or oarsman. 

20. In all regattas of this Association the medals to cost not 
less than $20, as per die and specification adopted in 190 1 ; aru! 
the banners to cost not less than $25, shall be ordered by the 
Executive Committee of this Association and the bills for the 
same shall be forwarded to and be paid by the local association 
under wdiost auspices the regatta is held. The prizes shall be 
delivered at the conclusion of the regatta to their respective win- 
ners, who, in case of a challenge prize, shall furnish such bonds 
for the same as may be required by the trustees, and that no 
bond be accepted except one executed by a responsible surety 
company. The amount of bond for the Fox cup shall be $1,500; 
for all other cups now held by the Association shall be $250. 

21. Any participant in the races shall have the right at any 
time previous to the awarding of the prizes to object to any club 
or person participating in or being declared the winner of any 
race where it may appear to the person making the objection 
that such club or person has not entered such contest with the 
intention of participating therein in an honest manner, and mak- 
ing all reasonable efforts to be successful. The evidence shall 
be presented to the Regatta Committee, who, after hearing the 
accused, shall, by a majority vote, decide the objection. They 
shall have power to order the race rowed over or to confer the 
prize on whomsoever, in their judgment, is entitled to it. 

22. All questions of eligibility, qualification, or interpretation 
of the rules shall be referred to the Regatta Committee, and its 
decision siiall be final. 

2.3. The Regatta Committee shall have power to reject 
any entry. 

24. It shall rest with the Regatta Committee whether more 
than the winner of a trial heat should row in the final heat ; 
except when in any trial heat of a regatta a foul occurs, under 
such conditions and with such results that the laws of boat racing, 
the exigencies of time and the circumstances of the regatta do 
not afford full justice to any contestant, the umpire may permit 
such aggrieved competitor to start in a subsequent or in the 
final heat, as in the judgment of the Regatta Committee is most 
convenient. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



REVOLVER SHOOTING 



Rules and Regulations Governing the Championship Matches of 
the United States Revolver Association. 

1. General Conditions. — Competitors must make themselves 
acquainted with the rules and regulations of the Association, as 
the plea of ignorance will receive no consideration. The rulings 
and decisions of the executive committee are final in all cases. 
These rules are for general application, but will not apply in 
cases where the special conditions of any match conflict with them. 

2. Classification of Anns. — (a) Any revolver. A revolver of 
any caliber. Maximum length of barrel, including cylinder, lo 
inches. Minimum trigger pull, 2j/ pounds. Sights may be 
adjusted, but they must be strictly open, in front of the hammer, 
and not over lo inches apart. 

(b) Any pistol. A pistol of any caliber. Maximum length of 
barrel, lo inches. Minimum trigger pull, 2 pounds. Sights may 
be adjustable but they must be strictly open, in front of the 
hammer and not over 10 inches apart. 

(c) Military revolver or pistol. A revolver, or a magazine 
pistol that has been adopted by any civilized government for the 
armament of its army or navy. Maximum weight, 2-)4 pounds. 
Maximum length of barrel, 7^/2 inches. Maximum trigger pull, 
4 pounds. Fixed open sights. Rear sights of magazine pistols 
may be adiustable for elevation only. 

(d) Pocket revolver. A revolver having a maximum weight 
of 2 pounds. Maximum length of barrel, 4 inches. Minimum 
trigger pull, 4 pounds. Sights and model must be such as not 
to hinder quick drawing of the weapon from the pocket or 
holster. 

3. Load ill ii. [■iritif;, Tinting and Cleaning. — In all revolver and 
pistol matcJKs the weapon must not be loaded until the competitor 
has taken liis position at the firing point. The barrel must always 
be kept vertical or pointed toward the target. After a match or 
record score has been begun, in case of an accidental discharge or 
of defective ammunition, if the bullet comes out of the barrel it 
will be scored a shot. The timing in matches C and D will be as 
follows : The competitor standing at the firing point with the arm 
loaded, not cocked, and the barrel pointing downward in a direc- 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 41 

tion not less than 45 degrees from the target, will signify to the 
scorer when he is ready to begin each string. The scorer, stop 
watch in hand, will then give the command "Fire," and exactly 
fifteen seconds later announce, "Time." Misfires will not be scored 
except in matches C and D. Competitors may clean weapons in 
matches A and B, and in the Indoor Championships, but no time 
allowance will be made for time spent in this way. All competitors 
will be required to finish their scores within the time limits speci- 
fied, except in cases of accident, when the time may be extended 
at the option of the executive committee. Blowing through the 
barrel, to moisten it, will be considered cleaning. 

In revolver matches the arm must not be used as a single loader 
or loaded so as to use a limited number of chambers in the cylin- 
der. The cylinder must be charged with the full number of 
rounds for which it is chambered, and these must be shot con- 
secutively. If scores are shot in ten shot strings, the cylinder 
shall be charged first with six rounds and then with four rounds. 
If the cylinder only contains five chambers, then the ten shot 
strings may be shot in two strings of five each. In matches C 
and D, and in the indoor or gallery events, the arm shall in all 
cases be charged with five rounds. 

4. Position. — The position shall be standing, free from any sup- 
port, the pistol or revolver being held in one hand, with arm 
extended, so as to be free from the body. 

5. Anns. — Any revolver or pistol which in the opinion of the 
executive committee complies with the conditions specified in 
the various matches will be allowed to compete in those events. 
Revolvers or magazine pistols that have been adopted by any 
government for the armament of its army or navy, or such as in 
the opinion of the executive committe'e are suitable for military 
service, will be allowed in matches C and D. Among the arms 
which may be used in these matches are the .38 caliber Smith 
& Wesson or Colt military; .44 Smith & Wesson, Russian model; 
.44 Colt New Service; .45 Smith & Wesson Scofield ; .45 Smith & 
Wesson New Century ; .45 Colt, and the following magazine or 
automatic pistols : Colt, Borchardt, Luger, Mannlicher, Mauser, 
Mors. 

6. SigJifs.— In open sights, the notch of the rear sight must be 
as wide on top as at any part. Aperture or peep sights or any 
covered or shaded sights will not be allowed. The use of a 
notch for the front sight will not be permitted. Sights may be 
smoked or blackened if desired. Sights on military arms, if 
modified to suit individuals, must remain strictly open, strong and 
substantial, and suitable for military use. 

7. Trigger-Pull. — The trigger-pull as specified in the various 
events shall be determined by a test weight equal to the minimum 



42 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

pull applied at a point three-eighths of an inch from the end of 
the trigger and at right angles to the pin throngh the trigger. 

8. Ainiiiunition. — In matches C and D, and in the medal com- 
petition, where full charge ammmiition is required, it may be the 
product of any reputable manufacturer. It must in all cases be 
brought to the firing point in unbroken boxes, with the label of 
the manufacturer intact. 

9. Targets. — The 200-yard Standard American rifle target 
No. I (containing the 4 ring), with an eight-inch bull's-eye shall 
be used in all matches at 50 yards. The diameters of the rings 
are as follows : 10 ring equals 3.36 inches ; 9 ring equals 5.54 
inches; 8 ring equals 8 inches; 7 ring equals 11 inches; 6 ring 
equals 14.8 inches; 5 ring equals ig.68 inches; 4 ring equals 26 
inches ; rest of target 28 inches by 28 inches counts 3. The same 
target reduced so that the bull's-eye or 8 ring is 2.72 inches in 
diameter and the 10 ring 1.13 inches in diameter, shall be used 
for all matches at 20 yards. . 

10. Marking and Scoring. — In all matches new paper targets 
shall be furnished for each competitor. Not more than ten shots 
are to be nred on any target at 50 yards, and not more than five 
shots on any target in matches C and D and for all shooting at • 
20 yards; the shot holes in all cases to remain uncovered and 
left as shot. Bullets touching, striking, or within a line on the 
target are to be scored the count of that line. The eye alone shall 
determine whether a bullet touches a line or not. 

11. Tics. — Ties shall be decided as follows: (i) By the score 
at the longest distance; (2) by the score at the ne.xt longest dis- 
tance; (3) by the fewest number of shots of lowest count; (4) 
by firing five shots each under the same conditions as the match 
and these rules in regard to ties, until decided. 

12. Snpcrzision. — The shooting in all the U. S. R. A. events 
must take place in the presence of at least two witnesses, one of 
A\hom must be an authorized officer of the local club, or shooting 
organization, or a governor appointed by the U. S. R. A. This 
ofiicer shall certify that each contestant has complied with all the 
U. S. R. A. regulations as to distance, weapon, time, ammuni- 
tion, etc., noting same on the blank spaces provided on the score 
cards and signing the score cards in duplicate for each contestant. 

13. Protests. — Any person who believes that an injustice has 
been done, or who dissents from the decision of any authorized 
e.xecutive ofiicer of the association, may enter a protest on depos- 
iting $1 with the cashier or acting treasurer of the club or organi- 
zation under whose auspices the matches are held. Such protest 
must be in writing, in duplicate, and must be made within twenty- 
four hours after the incident on which it is based. One copy to 
be handed to the executive officer of the club or organization 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 43 

conducting the matches and the other copy to be mailed to the 
secretary-treasurer of the U. S. R. A. All protests will be inves- 
tigated and passed upon by the executive committee, and, if 
sustained, the protest fee will be returned ; otherwise, it will be 
forfeited. 

14. Records. — The shooting for records shall, when practicable, 
be done on the grounds or in a gallery of a regularly organized 
shooting association, military organization or club, and in the 
presence of at least two witnesses, one of whom shall be an 
officer of the U. S. R. A., of such shooting organization or club. 
The foregoing rules and regulations and the conditions governing 
the championship matches of the U. S. R. A. must in all cases be 
observed and followed. The record score shall begin with the 
first shot after the shooter has announced his intention to shoot 
for record ; only the first ten shots will apply to the ten shot 
record ; the first twenty shots to the twenty shot record, and so 
on to 50 or TOO shots, as the shooter may desire. Such scores for 
record must in all cases be completed within the same propor- 
tional time limit as is specified for the corresponding championship 
match. After finishing the record score, the target shall be iden- 
tified and signed by the witnesses as above designated. The wit- 
nesses shall also prepare and sign a certificate of prescribed form, 
which, with the detailed score and all targets, shall be forwarded 
to the U. S. R. A., addressed to the secretary-treasurer. If all 
the conditions, rules and regulations have been complied with, 
the scoring correct, and if the score is higher than or equal to 
any previously made under the same conditions, it will be declared 
a new record. The score will then be entered as such in the 
record book of the association, and the shooter formally notified 
to that effect. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



PIGEON FLYING RACE RULES 



1. Any fancier desiring to enter birds for competition and for 
record under the management of the Secretary and Race Com- 
mittee, must first become a member of the Club. 

2. The Club, in the records of birds, recognizes only the liber- 
ating station and the home loft. The home loft is that to which 
the bird is registered as belonging. 

3. Birds entered in a race must be at the appointed place for-' 
countermarking at the same time arranged, or be debarred from 
participating in the fly, for no birds will be received after that 
time. 

4. Countermarking of liirds shall be (as far as practicable), 
by leg bands bearing a number or device, and the band must on 
the arrival of the bird be removed and turned over to the timer 
at the loft, in his presence to ])v mailed with signed report to 
the Secretary the day and bird arrived at home. 

5. All birds entered in a journey must bear, stamped on the 
first primal flight feather, the regular number by which it is to 
be distinguished and known, be it a bird bearing a seamless 
band or otherwise. When a bird bears a seamless band, then 
that number and letter becomes its regular number. When the 
bird bears no seamless band a regular number must be obtained 
from the Secretary, and entry blanks will be duly mailed by 
Secretary to competitors in each race, which must be neatly 
filled out as required, or the entry will not be received. 

6. The owner of a bird presenting it for a journey, relin- 
quishes all control of it until after the time of liberating for 
such a journey. 

7. Any interference on the part of an owner, or of any one 
interested, directly or indirectly, in ihe result, with the instruc- 
tions or duties of the Secretary or Race Committee, or with 
the liberator, or with the birds after marking, will be debarred 
from the benefits of the fly. 

8. No one interested, directly in the result of a_ loft, shall be 
present during the time of countermarking; that is, no one in- 
terested in any way for the success of that particular loft during 
the countermarking of those particular birds ; neither shall any 
such person appoint the timer or act as the timer at such loft. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 45 

g. The honors of a race being determined by the average 
velocity, all birds making the same speed under the same condi- 
tions are entitled to the honor that speed calls for. 

10. Time shall be verified by a timer acceptable to the Secre- 
tary of the Club, or Race Committee, who shall be at the home 
loft from the earliest time at which a bird could arrive until 
dismissed by the owner or his representative, or until the time 
named at the close of a race has expired. 

11. The time of a bird's arrival in a race shall be taken at 
the click of the bob-wire after the bird is in. or the closing of 
the trap door securing it at the loft. 

12. No young bird shall be eligible for young bird record 
unless bearing an official Club seamless band denoting year of 
hatch. 

13. The report of the timer at the loft shall be signed by the 
owner and the timer, to be mailed at once to the Secretary. In 
no case must the original be given into the possession of the 
owner or any one interested in the success of the loft, and must 
not leave the timer's possession until mailed by him to the 
Secretary. 

14. No race, unless specially agreed upon, shall be rain or 
shine ; but shall be upon the date named, or ofif, excepting from 
500 miles, when race is on until flown. 

15. In case there are returns before the timer's arrival at the 
loft, or in the timer's absence, the owner can report only by 
certified telegram to the Secretary, and the competitor, whom 
said timer represents, will be debarred from any interest in 
that race. An allowance of six minutes to the mile, and an 
additional minute for catching the bird, to be traveled on foot, 
in reaching the telegraph office, will be made by the Secretary 
in computing the actual time of arrival and speed made. All 
telegrams to be prepaid, and in case the Secretary's loft is 
unprotected, he can report to the President or competing mem- 
ber, holding the list of his birds' countermarks. The endorse- 
ment of arrivals by neighbors, competitors or friends will not 
be entertained on any account. 

16. The time of start as given by the liberator's telegram 
shall be considered as advisory only. The time of start, from 
which the calculations for record are to be taken, shall be in 
writing, over the liberator's signature, and must be received by 
the Secretary direct from the liberator. 

17. In case any timer or member fails to respond to the Sec- 
retary's notification and instructions, or the competing member 
to supply in ample time an acceptable substitute for the full 
carrving out of the same, or fails to render a satisfactory ex- 



46 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

planation, the said competing member may be held accountable 
to the Executive and Race Committee for neglect of duty, on a 
written complaint filed by the Secretary with the President, and 
be debarred from any interest in the particular races in progress. 
i8. The Secretary is not to be held responsible for the non- 
compliance of liberators in carrying out the instructions of a 
flight, nor for the careless and incomplete performance of in- 
structions rendered by any timer or member, since the irregu- 
larities may be beyond his control ; but it is his duty and office 
to see that all acting timers and members are thoroughly con- 
versant and familiar with the Race Rules and requirements, 
and to correct or adjust any discrepancy or irregularity in their 
work, or that of any timer or member, that may arise, as far as 
practicable, and with all possible dispatch, to secure indisputable 
and complete record for any flight that may be in progress. 
Failing this the Secretary may be held accountable for neglect 
of duty, on written charges being, filed by any member with 
the President ; such charges to be acted upon by the Executive 
and Race Committees. 

19. Any direct refusal to comply with the Race Rules by a 
member of the club fcrfeits all right to record in the races, if 
proven on investigation, and the Secretary and the Race Com- 
mittee may decline to handle his birds, and make complaint to 
the President. 

20. Each loft can enter but twenty birds or less, in the old 
birds' races, and but twenty or less in the young birds' races. 

21. In the pool prizes each member pays so much per bird of 
his entry as may be arranged. 

22. On race da>s, when the timer arrives at the loft, there 
must be no birds at liberty belonging to said loft, excepting 
those competing in the race or outs from previous tosses ; and 
arrivals must immediately be handed to the timer, bearing 
countermark and showing regular number on wing and colors 
for verification, with entry list in his possession. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBKART. 



RUGBY POLO 



Official Playing Rules of the Inter-City Rugby Polo Association, 
New York. 



RULE I. 

Each team shall consist of five players, two substitutes, one 
goal-tender, one cover-point, one right guard, one left guard, 
and one forward. 

RULE II, 

The ball shall be a leather (pig skin) covered ball, of not 
more or less than seven inches in diameter and must be in- 
flated, the same as any basket ball and shall be furnished by the 
home club and become the property of the home club. The home 
club must always have two balls on hand; in case of accident 
to the first ball the second must be furnished immediately. 

RULE III. 

The sticks shall be the regulation Spalding polo club, with 
wrist straps. The skates must be securely fastened to the feet, 
and no player can call time to adjust his skates. In case skate 
is broken and a player is thereby obliged to leave the surface, 
his place must be taken by a substitute in uniform. The player 
retiring may resume his position at the option of his captain. 

RULE IV. 

Should the ball become out of shape, cut, or rip, so as to ex- 
pose the rubber or in any way so injured as to be, in the opinion 
of the referee, unfit for use, the referee, on being appealed to 
by either captain, shall at once put the alternate ball in play. 

RULE V. 

The goal shall be three feet high and six feet long. Two goal 
posts to stand on their own base, the base of same not to ex- 
ceed eight inches square. In playing a game the front of a goal 
must not be less than ten feet from the end and an equal dis- 
tance from the sides of the playing surface of the rink. 



48 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

RULE VI. 

No player, except the goal-tender, shall be allowed within the 
semicircle plainly indicated in front of the goal, the radius of 
which must be 2% feet from the center of the goal-line. The 
cover point must at no time gO' within this goal-line. If he does 
so, it will constitute a foul against the side so offended. It is 
understood that if the goal-tender leaves his position, whoever 
for the time being takes his place will be the goal-tender. A 
goal is won by the passage of the ball between the goal posts 
from the front. No goal shall be allowed when kicked in by 
the opposing team. The goal-keeper can, however, stop the ball 
with any part of his person or stick. 

RULE VII. 

The ball shall be placed at rest in the center of the rink 
and the two forwards face off. 

RULE VIII. 

The positions of the team shall remain the same during each 
period of the play, the goals to be reversed at the second half. 
In case of a tie at the expiration of the second half, an additional 
period of five minutes shall be ordered by the referee. In case 
of no goals being scored in that period of time, said game to be 
declared a tie and to be played at some future time not interfer- 
ing with the regular schedule, but game to constitute a League 
game. 

RULE IX. 

Two halves of ten minutes each of actual playing time shall 
constitute a game except as provided for hereinafter, and the 
club winning the most goals in that time to be declared the 
winner. 

RULE X. 

There shall be a corp of officials, referee, time-keepers, etc., 
appointed. The time-keeper to be appointed on recommendation 
of the local manager, and time is to be kept by means of a stop 
watch or stop clock. There will be two goal umpires appointed 
by the referee, who shall be the sole judges of all goals made 
during progress of game. The visiting team shall be allowed a 
representative at each game, who may require of the official 
timer that the watch be so held that both can at all times see 
its face and the official scorer to keep his record so that the vis- 
iting representative may at all time see same. At any time a 



SPALDING'S ATHIETIC LIBRARY. 49 

question arises notes shall be made of the conditions, and mat- 
ters settled at the close of the period. 

RULE XL 

No person but the players and the referee shall be permitted 
on the surface during a match, unless assistance is to be ren- 
dered in case of accident or upon mutual invitation of the cap- 
tains and referee. Failure to observe this rule within one minute 
after the direction of the referee to leave the floor will carry 
with it a forfeiture of the game. 

RULE XIL 

The referee shall have charge of the game and the surface 
from the time the game is called to its finish or postponement. 
Lie shall start and call the game, settle all disputed points and 
shall announce each goal and all fouls and their natures and by 
whom committed. The referee is the master of the surface from 
(he beginning of the game to its close and is entitled to the 
respect of the spectators. Any person ofifering any insult or in- 
dignity to him shall be ejected from the premises. He must be 
addressed by the players as Mr. Referee and he must compel the 
players to observe the provisions of the playing rules. The 
referee must keep the contesting teams constantly playing from 
the beginning of the game to its termination, allowing for such 
delays as are unavoidable by accident. The referee must call 
play promptly at the hour designated by the home club and at 
the blast of the whistle, the contest shall begin. No goal can 
be counted that is made until the signal has been given to play. 
The sound of the gong shall announce the termination of the 
contest. 

RULE XIIL 

All skates must be ball-bearing and in perfect running order. 
All rolls must revolve freely and may be examined by the referee, 
on request of a captain of the opposing team. The referee must 
bar any skater from the game who appears prepared to play with 
rolls that will not revolve. There shall be no attachment to 
shoes or skates other than those necessary to keep them on the 
feet. 

RULE XIV. 

There should be an official scorer connected with each club, 
who shall prepare a summary for each contest, which shall con- 
tain the names of players, date of game, the number and order 
of goals and by whom they were made, giving the name of 



50 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

players making same, which shall be mailed to the league presi- 
dent without delay. He shall also keep a record of fouls and by 
whom committed. 

RULE XV. 

If, after the completion of a game, the decision of a referee is 
questioned, the referee may, by submitting a formal complaint 
in full, have the matter decided by the Board of Arbitration ; 
but no club shall have the right to enter a complaint that does 
not abide by the decision of the referee, and play the game out 
under his direction. Any club refusing to finish the game shall 
be liable to expulsion. The Board of Arbitration shall be se- 
lected by the President of the Association and to consist of not 
more than four men and the President. 

RULE XVL 

If the ball go out of bounds, the referee shall blow the whistle 
to call time, and place the ball at least four feet from the rail 
or boundary line, at the point opposite where it went out. In 
resuming play, players must stand in position to place the ball 
lengthwise of the playing surface with their backs toward the 
sides. The players, who are in the scrimmage, at the sound of 
the referee's whistle, shall cease play. 

RULE XVII. 

Time shall be called by the referee, where foul occurs. Upon 
the renewal of the game the ball must be placed where the foul 
occurred and the ball faced off. 

RULE XVIII. 

WHAT CONSTITUTE.S A FOUL. 

If a player run about or strike the ball while one of his skates 
are off or broken. If any player put his stick between the arm 
and body of another player. Body checks, or unwarrantable 
blocking that is manifestly intended as an interference by one 
player with another may be declared a foul by the referee upon 
his own observation or upon the complaint of the captain of the 
offended team. This latter provided the referee is in any way 
cognizing of the foul committed. Said player shall be removed 
from play and placed on the side lines for not less than one or 
two minutes. The penalty of the same is at the option of the 
referee according to the offense committed. Also if the player 
hits the ball by any other means than the regulation polo stick. 
The player may, however, stop progress of the ball when in air 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 51 

with left hand or arm. The ball must, however, be /mmediately 
dropped at his feet. Intentional holding of the ball is a foul. 
No player is allowed to kick the ball and by so doing advancing 
the ball by any other means than by the stick. Also holding 
upon whicii intentionally to keep him out of playing with sticks, 
hand or feet, is a foul. Stick must not at any time be raised any 
higher than the shoulder. Any player being removed twice un- 
der these rules, the third time to be expelled from game and 
substitute take his place. 

RULE XIX. 

If, on account of the injury of any player a substitute is neces- 
sary and no regular member of the team is present, any com- 
petent person present may be selected with the approval of the 
captain of the opposing team, given in presence of the referee. 

RULE XX. 

If a dispute arise upon the surface, it shall be settled by the 
referee and the two captains but the players shall take no part 
in the discussion unless called upon by the referee. 

RULE XXI. 

Upon beginning a play the visiting club shall take the goal 
nearest the entrance. 

RULE XXII. 

If, from any cause during the game, the play should be sus- 
pended, each player shall refrain from touching or knocking the 
ball about the surface. 

RULE XXIII. 

If any club refuses to play a schedule game or to abide by the 
decision of the referee within one minute after being ordered to 
resume play they shall forfeit the game and be liable to expul- 
sion. 

RULE XXIV. 

The uniform required to play the game is as follows: 
Regulation long-sleeved Jerseys ; knee pants, light padding on 
hip and knee ; stockings and shin guards. No shin guard, how- 
ever, to be longer than ten inches. Stick used must be the 
Spalding Regulation Polo Stick with wrist s'rap attached. 

RULE XXV. 
The sound of the gong shall announce the close of each period. 



62 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

RULE XXVI. 

Any player using profane language on the floor or acting !i 
an ungentlemanly manner sufficient to attract the attention o 
the spectators shall be ordered from the floor by the referee an( 
take no further part in the game, a substitute taking his place. 

RULE XXVIL 

Any act by any player that is manifestly intended to injure ; 
player, delay or obstruct the game, shall subject the player t( 
expulsion from the floor and substitute take his place. 

RULE XXVIIL 

In case of any disturbance, unnecessary noise, or interferenc( 
of the game or the referee by any person, the referee shall hav( 
the right to suspend the game until quiet is restored. He mai 
order the ofl'ending party or parties expelled from the rink. Ii 
case of a refusal of the above mentioned rules he may stop th( 
game and award same to the team leading at the time of th( 
dispute. 



SPALDING'S ATHLKTIC LIBRARY. 



RULES FOR CALEDONIAN GAMES 



PUTTING THE STONE. 

Weight of heavy stone, 21 pounds : weight of light stone, 
14 pounds. The stone must be '"putted" from the shoulder — 
not thrown with a swing. Competitors will be allowed a race 
of seven feet six inches. Passing the toe-mark before the stone 
strikes the ground will be accounted a "foul," but must stand 
for one of the three trials allowed. The toe-mark shall be a 
board between three and four inches in height. 

RUNNING LONG JUMP. 

At the starting point one line shall be laid down for competi- 
tors to spring from, as nearly as possible. Measurement to be 
from toe-mark to nearest break. Competitors running across 
the line shall be held to have had one trial. No weight allowed. 

RUNNING HOP, STEP AND JUMP. 

Must be a fair hop, step and jump. To be governed by the 
same rules as the running long jump. No weights allowed. 

STANDING JUMP. 

Competitors must jump from the first spring. Only one line 
used, which will be the "foul," or measuring line. Same rules 
as in running long jump. No weights allowed. 

SHORT AND LONG RACES. 

Competitors start from a straight line on a signal given by 
firing a pistol. Any competitor stepping over the line previous 
to the signal being given will incur the penalty of being put 
back one yard. For a repetition, in the same race, two yards, 
and for a third offence he shall be ruled out of the race. Any 
competitor taking hold of, or otherwise impeding another in the 
race, will be ruled out. The distance of all races on the pro- 
gramme shall be specified, and no short race shall exceed 
150 yards. 

HURDLE RACE. 

Same rules as short and long races. Hurdles to be 3 feet 
6 inches in height, four hurdles to every lOO yards. Hurdles to 
be jumped without touching the hands. 



64 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

HIGHLAND DANCING. 

Highland dancing shall consist of Highland fling. Strathspey 
and reel steps. Judges are required to discriminate against com- 
petitors who interpolate steps peculiar to horn-pipe, jig and other 
dancing. 

HIGHLAND FLING. 

Correct position, time and number of steps (not less than 
eight) executed with the greatest apparent ease and taste shall 
distmguish the winner. 

REELS. 

In reel dancing strathspey steps only (i.e., steps in which the 
sole of the foot rises only as high as the ankle) and admissible 
during strathspey time. Four strathspey and four ,reel steps 
will be deemed sufficient, although dancers at their discretion nlay 
increase the number. 

The same conditions as in Highland fling will again apply. 

REEL OF TULLOCH. 

Also as in Highland fling, with the additional requirements of 
high, low or side-cutting. 

GHILLIE CALLUM OR SWORD DANCE. 

The competitor dancing the usual number of steps, not less 
than seven (7), which includes quick time, with ease and grace- 
fulness. Position, time, execution and without displacing or 
touching the sword or swords will be deemed the winner. Com- 
petitors are required to stop the moment the swords are touched 
or displaced, which disqualifies the competitor unless two or 
more touches and the competitors are then given reconsideration. 

(Swords are placed but not to touch.) 

BAGPIPE PLAYING. 

1. All competitors shall use the Highland bagpipe, the same 
to be fully supplied with reeds in proper order. 

2. Competitors shall accompany their entries with a list of 
tunes, not less than four of the character for which prizes may 
be given, judges to select from said lists the tunes to be played, 
causing if possible the same tunes to be played by all. 

3. The judges shall not see the players during the competition 
and the lists shall be written in one hand-writing and given to 
them after they are secreted. 

4. The points to be observed in arriving at a decision are as 
follows: ist, whether the pipes are in tune; 2d, the character of 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 55 

piece played, whether difficuU or easy; 3d, taste and time main- 
tained, if shifting, too fast, or slow ; 4th, mistakes, such as 
missing notes, omitting to repeat a part or playing it over too 
often. 

5. Competitors shall play the tunes selected by the judges or 
be held disqualified. Each tune shall be played twice over only, 
except in piobaireached (pibroch), when once through will be 
deemed sufficient. 

TOSSING THE CABER. 

The length of the Caber to be 19 feet, the diameter at thick- 
end to be not more than 8 inches, and 4 inches at small end. The 
Caber must be tossed so that the small end of the Caber shall 
fall and remain beyond the butt. The distance to be measured 
from the toe to the small end of the Caber. Three trials. 

THROWING THE HAMMER. 

Weight of heavy hammer, 16 pounds, exclusive of handle; 
weight of light hammer, 12 pounds, exclusive of handle. Length 
of handle, 3 feet 6 inches outside hammer socket. Handle to 
be stiff and made of hickory wood. The competitors must stand 
at the "scratch," and deliver the hammer without swinging the 
body around. When the head and handle strike the ground at 
the same time the head mark is the measuring mark. Should 
the handle strike first and the hammer bound, a length of the 
handle will be added measuring from the point of striking in the 
direction of the head. Three trials. 

THROWING THE 56-POUND WEIGHT. 

Competitors must stand at the toe-line and throw the weight 
by the ring. Stepping over the line before the weight strikes 
the ground will be considered foul, but will stand as one of the 
three trials allowed. 

HITCH AND KICK. 

Competitors must spring, kick and alight and hop twice with 
tlie same foot from which they spring. Racing or standing, at 
the discretion of the competitors. Three trials. 

RUNNING AND STANDING HIGH LEAP. 

The bar nmst be cleared without displacement. It must be 
raised gradually at discretion of judges until only one competitor 
can clear it. In the standing high leap the competitor must leap 
from the first spring. Any competitor failing three times at 
one heiglit shall be ruled out. Lion le^p or somersault not 
n.Ilowed. 



aPALDINQ'S ATHLETIC LIBRART. 



VAULTING WITH THE POLE. 

In vaulting, the pole must fall so as not to displace the bar. 
The bar must be cleared in the same manner as prescribed in the 
rules governing the high leap. Three trials. 



1. All playing to be on stiff clay ends which must not be less 
than two feet in diameter, nor less than 6 inches deep. 

2. The distance to be eighteen yards from center to centre 
of mott (head of pin). The players to stand at a distance not 
exceeding three feet at right angles with the pin. 

3. All quoits to be circular in shape and uniform in thickness. 
The outside diameter must not exceed ten inches. The rim of 
no quoit to exceed two and one-half inches and no quoit to be 
less than four inches in the bore. Each player to choose his own 
weight of quoits. 

4. The pin to be driven into the ground at an angle of forty- 
five degrees till the mott is level with the clay and is not to be 
touched on any account before measurement. 

5. The removal of clay from quoits before measurement is 
allowable provided the quoit is not moved by so doing. 

6. All measurements to be made with calipers or compasses 
and to reach from center of pin to the nearest part of quoit. If 
a quoit or quoits interferes with a measurement it or they may 
be removed provided its removal does not interfere with the pin 
or quoits. 

7. Should any motter in removing clay or quoits interfere 
with the quoits to his opponents' disadvantage the umpire to 
declare the ends null and void and his opponent to have the 
privilege of the lead. 

8. No players to be allowed to measure shots unless he mott 
for himself; should the motters fail to agree, the umpire to 
decide and his decision to be final. No quoit to count when the 
distance exceeds twenty inches from center of pin. 

9. Should a quoit be broken during a game the measure to be 
taken from the nearest portion of the quoit to the center of the 
pin and the player allowed another pair of quoits to finish 
the game. 

10. The player is allowed to follow his quoit after delivering 
it and to see how his opponent's quoits lie. 

11. Each player to have a motter if he desires one. 

12. An umpire to be appointed whose decision shall be final. 

13. The lead to be decided by a toss and the winner of each 
end to lead at the next ; playing alternately. 

14. When a number of players are to participate in a match 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 57 

the players shall draw for their opponents by lot. Two sets of 
figures to be used and the players drawing corresponding num- 
bers to play together. 

15. When there is more than one rink they are to be num- 
bered before drawing and the players to take their places accord- 
ing to the numbers drawn. The umpire to have power to change 
this article if he thinks it necessary and the players or player 
not complying with his decision he shall have power to rule them 
out of the game. 

16. When there is an odd number of players the one drawing 
the blank is called the "Bye." He lays oft" until all have played 
and draws in the next round. But no one shall be a "Bye" more 
than once in a match. 

17. When a match ends in three players to decide, two play 
oft' and the Bye then plays the winner : should the Bye then win 
that settles the match. But if the first winner of the round is 
successful then the Bye and the first loser play off for second 
and third place. 

18. When a match ends with four players and a third prize 
is given the two players that are beaten shall play for it. 

19. Talking to players except by the motter and all improper 
language is strictly prohibited. 

WALKING MATCH. 

To be a fair heel-and-toe walk. To be governed by the same 
rules as short and long races. 

POINT COMPETITIONS. 

In all point competitions a first prize shall count four points, 
a second prize three points, and a third prize two points. In 
general competitions, such as for best general athlete, the prize 
to be awarded to the competitor making the highest aggregate 
number of points in the entire programme, unless otherwise 
specified before the competition begins. 

HIGHLAND DRESS COMPETITION — ON POINTS. 

Kilt, plaid (full size) and hose. — Of uniform clan, recognized 
regimental or dress tartan, i to 20. 

Jacket or tunic. — Of velvet or cloth, with lozenge-shaped but- 
tons, I to 5. 

Kilt.— ^Worn plain, without bows of ribbons or other attached 
ornaments, i to 5. 

Vest.— Of tartan or cloth approximating to the leading colors 
of tartan worn, i to 5. 



68 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

Bonnet. — Recognized Balmoral, Glengarry, or broad pattern, 
I to 5. 

Shoes. — Low cut, i to 5. 

Ornaments. — Brooch, crest in bonnet, buckles on shoes, eagle 
or black cock feathers, i to 5. 

Sporran. — Goat or horse hair, i to 5. 

Arms, "A." — Claymore, dirk, skene dhu, with proper belts and 
buckles, I to 10. 

Arms, "B." — Pistols and horn, targe and battle axe, i to 5. 

General appearance. — Harmony of design, manner of wearing, 
carriage, i to 20. 

Judges may penalize competitors from i to 20 points for any 
defect, glaring inconsistency, slovenly appearance, in any of the 
points as noted above. 

Dress arms and ornaments complete, must be the property of 
the wearer. Competitors must parade on the day of games, 
from the club house, dressed as they will enter the competition. 

In awarding points, everything is left to the judges, who will 
decide the number of points gained for the excellence and merit 
of each part of the dress, as enumerated above. 

TUG-OF-W^AR. 

The ground shall be loosened to the width of three feet, and 
to a depth of not less than six inches. 

The side crease shall be twelve feet from the center. 

The mark on the rope must be over the center crease when 
the signal is given, and the team hauling that mark over the 
crease on its own side shall win. 

No footing holes shall be made before start. 

The contestants shall not wear spikes. 

The rope shall be 1^/2 inches in diameter. 

Immediately before the contest, the captains of all the contest- 
ing teams shall draw their numbers. 

Not less than five minutes shall be allowed each team 
between heats. 

Captains shall toss for choice of sides before each pull, but 
if the same two teams pull more than once during any meeting, 
they shall change ends at each successive pull. 

Competitors shall not be allowed to use any belt other than 
one to protect the body, and no ring, chain or fastening of any 
kind shall be allowed. 

With two teams, they shall pull best two in three. 

With three teams— one and two shall pull, three has a "bye" 
which will count as a win and entitle the team to pull the winner 
of the trial heat for the prize. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 59 

With four teams — one and two shall pull, then three and four, 
and the winners pull the final. 

With five teams — first round, one and two, three and four, 
five has a "bye" ; second round, winner of the first heat pulls 
with five, and the winner of this heat pulls the final with the 
winner of second heat of first round. 

With six teams — first round, one and two, three and four, 
five and six ; second round, winner of the first and second heats. 
Winner of this heat pulls the final with the winner of third heat, 
first round. 

Where more than six teams enter, the arrangement of trials 
shall be on the same principle as in the above example. 

No man shall be substituted for another who has already 
pulled one trial, nor shall any man be allowed to pull with more 
than one team in any of the trials for the same prize. 

A time limit may be made. 

CURLING. 

Under the rules of the Grand National Curling Club of 

America. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



OFFICIAL RULES FOR WATER BASKET 
BALL 



(Originated by Frank J. Sullivan, Swimming Instructor, Illinois A. C, Chicago, 
January 23, 1906.) 



Rule i. The Playing Area. 

Water basket ball may be played in pools of any size. The 
playing area should be marked as follows : a mark equally dis- 
tant from the ends to show the center; marks fifteen feet from 
the ends and imaginary lines between to be called "fifteen-foot" 
marks. 

Rule 2. The Baskets. 

Section i. The baskets shall be hammock nets of cord, sus- 
pended from metal rings 18 inches in diameter (inside). The 
rings shall be placed five feet above the water line at each end 
of the playing area, equally distant from the sides. 

Sec. 2. In case the basket is not supported from the wall, a 
special background must be supplied which shall measure eight 
feet horizontally and eight feet vertically, made of wire netting. 

Sec. 3. The baskets made by A. G. Spalding & Bros, shall be 
the ofificial baskets. 

Rule 3. The Ball. 

Section i. The ball shall be round, made of white rubber, 
tightly inflated, not less than 30 inches nor more than 32 inches 
in circumference. 

Sec. 2. The ball made by A. G. Spalding & Bros, shall be the 
official ball and must be used in all match games. 

Rule 4. The Game. 

Section i. The game shall consist of two halves of eight 
minutes each, with a rest of five minutes between the halves. 
This is the time of actual play. These times may be changed 
by mutual agreement of the captains, e.xcept in championship 
games. 

Sec. 2. The teams shall change baskets at the end of the 
first half. 

Sec. 3. Time occupied by disputes, free tries for goal, repair- 
ing suits, replacing men and lining up for new start shall not be 
counted as time of play. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBEARY, 61 

Rule 5. Scoring. 
A goal made from the field shall count as 2 points and a goal 
made from a free trial shall count as i point. 

Rule 6. The Teams. 

Section i. A team shall consist of five men, with two reserve 
men who may be substituted any time the ball is not in play. A 
player leaving the game cannot return. 

Sec. 2. The teams shall line up in the water, the forwards of 
each team taking a station near their opponents baskets, the 
guards taking a position on either sides of their own basket and 
the centers lining up in the middle of the tank facing their 
opponents' basket. The game shall begin when the ball is thrown 
between the opposing centers by the referee. 

Sec. 3. After each goal has been scored and after time has 
been called by the referee for the purpose of cautioning gen- 
eral fouling, repairing of suits, introducing of substitutes or 
taking a player from the game, teams shall line up as at the start 
of the game. 

Rule 7. Officials. 

The officials shall consist of referee, timer and scorer. The 
referee shall decide all fouls and may give the offended side a 
free try for goal for each ofifense. His decision shall be final. 

Rule 8. The Ball in Play. 

Section i. The ball shall be kept on or as near the surface as 
possible and shall never intentionally be held under water. Un- 
der no circumstances shall a man swim with the ball. Dribbling 
the ball without touching with the hand is permitted. 

Sec. 2. The ball shall be held by the hands only. The using 
of any other part of the body to hold or assist in holding the 
ball constitutes a foul. Hugging the ball is a foul. 

Sec. 3. The ball going out of the tank shall be returned to the 
place from which it was thrown and given to the opposite team. 

Rule 9. The Players. 

Section i. No player shall tackle an opponent. A player in 
covering an opponent may block him but shall not lay hands 
on him. 

Sec. 2. No player shall hold onto the sides or ends of the 
tank except for the purpose of resting and shall take no part in 
the play while resting. 

Sec. 3. The scorer before the commencement of the game 
shall secure from the management of each team a list of their 
players with their positions and registration numbers. 



62 spalding's athletic library. 

Rule io. Fouls. 

Section l. A foul is the breaking of any rule. It shall be a 
foul to tackle an opponent or to deliberately splash water at him. 
It shall be a foul to hold onto the sides of the tank except for 
the purpose of resting or to tackle the opponent by the costume. 
Unnecessary rough work may, at the discrimination of the 
referee, either be counted an ordinary foul, or he may put the 
offender out of the game for a period of time at his discretion 
or until a goal is scored or the half ends. 

Sec. 2. Not more than one player of each team shall touch 
the ball at the same time. A foul shall be called on each player 
violating this rule. If two players of the same team should 
touch the ball while it is in their possession, a foul shall be 
called on one of the two players of the same team. 

Sec. 3. When a foul has been made, the opposite side shall 
have a free throw for the basket from the fifteen-foot line. The 
player having a free throw shall not cross the fifteen-foot line 
until the ball has entered or missed the basket. If this rule is 
violated, a goal if made shall not be scored and if missed the 
ball shall be dead and put in play at the center. If the basket 
is missed and no rules have been violated the ball is in play. 

Sec. 4. When two or more fouls are called at the same time 
on opposite sides, they shall be thrown in succession and the 
ball shall be put in play at the center after the last throw. When 
two or more fouls are called at the same time on one team, they 
shall be thrown in succession. If a goal is made on the last 
throw, the ball shall be put in play at the center; if missed, the 
ball is in play. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



PIN BALL 



By Harky Sperling, 

Special Teacher of Physical Training, New York Public Schools ; Principal 

Vacation Playground and Evening Recreation Center. 

Some years ago, v/hile in charge of one of the open-air park 
playgrounds, estabHshed by the municipahty of Greater New 
York, the game described below was introduced by the writer. 

The playground material had become exhausted, and it was 
necessary to keep a number of boys, clamoring for something to 
play with, actively at play. A group of boys had been given a 
set of baby ninepins. I divided the boys into two teams, and 
we began playing in a crude way the game herein described. 

The game became popular at once, and with a few modifica- 
tions the result of several seasons with the game is herein pre- 
sented. 

The playing space is the same as for base ball. On a small 
field one would have to mark out a correspondingly small 
diamond. 

Directly behind the home plate a triangle is marked out, its 
sides fifteen inches in length, and the ape.x facing the pitcher. 
It is on the points of this triangle the pins are placed. 




64 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

Two sides are chosen, nine or less to a side. The players 
are given positions corresponding to those played in base ball. 

A bat, three nine-pins or Indian clubs, and the ball. For 
indoor games the indoor base ball gives best results. A. game con- 
sists of nine innings. Three outs retire a side. 

A pin or club is placed on each point of the triangle back of 
the home plate. The pitcher delivers the ball in an attempt to 
throw down one or more of these clubs. Should the pitcher 
succeed in knocking over one pin the batter is out. If two pins 
are knocked out with one delivery, two men are out, and if the 
pitcher is skillful enough to knock over all three in one delivery, 
he retires the side. The pitcher either rolls or bowls the ball. 
The ball must be delivered from below the hip ; i.e., a sideward 
or underswing of the arm. The ball must strike a point in 
front of the home plate to be considered fair, that is, the ball 
must not be sent whizzing through the air straight at the pins, 
but must bounce in front of them at least once. A fair or foul 
ball is determined by the same conditions which govern in 
base ball. 

A pin thrown down on a foul ball does not count as an out. 
It is the duty of the catcher to quickly replace a pin which has 
been displaced. After a ball has been batted, the batter runs as 
in base ball. 

A base runner caught between bases when a pin is knocked 
down by a fair ball, is out. The pitcher, it will be seen by this, 
can retire both batter and base runner, simultaneously, if he is 
fortunate enough to knock down a pin when a man is trying to 
steal a base. 

A strike is counted against a batsman when he attempts to 
hit the ball. It is a strike should the ball roll between the pins 
or bounce directly over them whether the batter strikes at the 
ball or not. Three strikes retire the batter. 

Girls enjoy this game better than base ball. The sides change 
very quickly, and the few rules are readily understood. 

The old favorite and popular street game of "One Old Cat" 
and "Two Old Cat" may be enjoyed indoors when an adaptation 
of "Pin Ball" is used. 

For "One Old Cat" place one pin behind home plate instead of 
three as in "Pin Ball." If this pin is knocked down by a fair 
ball batter is out. 

For "Two Old Cat" use two pins, one behind the other, about 
fifteen inches apart. "Pin Ball" rules apply. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



RULES FOR WALKING 



Walking is a succession of steps, and in contradistinction to 
running (wherein both feet may be off the ground at the same 
time), in wall<ing there must always be contact with tJie ground 
with some portion of one of the feet. 

In track races the following code of rules governing walking 
must be adhered to, or else disqualification will ensue : 

Leg Action. — As the foremost foot in taking a step touches the 
ground the knee must not be bent. Ihe heel mu:t touch the 
ground first, and the toe be the last portion of the foot to leave 
it. It is imperative that the heel of the foremost foot must touch 
the ground before the toe of the other foot ceases to have con- 
tact with it. 

Carriage of Body. — The body must be kept strictly upright. 

Carriage of Anns. — The arms may be held in any way the 
walker likes, but it is advised that they be carried well up. 

A disqualified competitor must at once leave the track. 

The Judge of Jl'alking shall have sole power to determine the 
fairness or unfairness of walking, and his rulings thereon shall 
he final and without appeal. He shall caution any competitor 
whenever walking unfairly, the third caution to disqualify, except 
tliat he shall immediately disqualify any competitor when walk- 
ing unfairly during the last 220 yards of a race. He shall control 
his assistants, and assign to them such of his duties as he may 
deem proper. 



66 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

BETTING RULES 

1. In all bets there must be a possibility to win when the bet 
is made ; "you cannot win when you cannot lose." 

2. If a horse entered by an incorrect or insufficient descrip- 
tion is for that reason disqualified and prevented from run- 
ning, bets on that horse are void. 

3. Bets follow the prize or stakes. If, however, a horse that 
comes in first is disqualified through an objection made after 
the race to the validity of the engagement, the bets shall go to 
him, provided his engagement was in good faith, and he is of 
the right age, ard in other respects has not transgressed the 
rules of racing; but if the owner of a horse, or a person on his 
behalf, succeed by mis-statement or fraudulent device in start- 
ing him for a race for which he was not qualified, the bets will 
go with the prize or stakes, whether any objection be made 
either before or after the race. 

4. All bets are play or pay, unless otherwise stipulated. 

5. All double bets must be considered play or pay. 

6. Confirmed bets cannot be of¥. except by mutual consent or 
by failure to make stakes at the time and place which may 
have been agreed upon, in which case it is optional with a bet- 
tor not in default to declare then and there that the bet stands. 
If at the time specified for making stakes, the horse or horses 
backed are dead or struck out of the engagement, and a start 
has not been stipulated, the bettor against them need not, while 
the backer must, deposit his stake. If there is no stipulation 
when the bet is made for the deposit of stakes, they cannot be 
demanded afterward. 

7. All bets on matches or private sweepstakes depending 
between any two horses shall be void, if those horses sub- 
sequently become the property of the same person or his avowed 
confederate. 

8. All bets between designated horses are void if neither of 
them is placed in the race; except bets between designated 
horses started for a race of heats, but not starting for a third 
heat, which are determined by their places in the second heat, 
and bets between such horses and a horse starting for a third 
heat, which are won by the latter, even though he is distanced 
afterward. 

9. Any bet made from signal or indication when the race has 
been determined shall be considered fraudulent and void. 

10. The person who lays the odds has a right to choose a 
horse or the field ; when a person has chosen a horse, the field is 
what starts against him. If odds are laid without mentioning 
the horse before the race is over, the bet must be determined 
by the state of the odds at the time of making it. 

11. When a certain number of horses are taken against the 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 67 

field, and among them are horses struck out of the engage- 
ment, or disqualified, or even never engaged, the bet neverthe- 
less stands, so long as there remains one horse which is quali- 
fied to start at the time the bet is made. 

12. On the postponement of a race bets stand, but if any 
change be made in the conditions of a race, bets made before 
the change are void. 

13. Bets made on horses winning any number of races within 
the year shall be understood to mean between the first of January 
and 31st of December. 

14. If a bet is made between two horses with the condition 
of a specified forfeic, and both horses start, either party may 
declare the forfeit, and the person making this declaration would 
pay the forfeit, if the other horse is placed, but would receive 
nothing in the event of his horse being placed. 

15. Money given to have a bet laid shall not be returned 
though the race be not run. 

16. Bets made after a race that a winner will be disqualified, 
stand, even if no objection be made. 

17. When a horse has been assigned his position by the starter, 
stipulations for a start are complied with. 

18. Bets are void on the decease of either party before 
the race. 

19. Bets on a match for which a dead heat is run are void. 

20. When horses run a dead heat for a purse or sweepstakes, 
and the owners divide all bets between such horses, or between 
either of them and the field, are settled by putting together the 
money betted and dividing it equally. 

A bet on a horse that runs a dead heat against a beaten 
horse is won. 

21. Double event bets are determined when the first event 
is lost. 

22. If two of "triple events" or either of "double events" are 
decided in the backer's favor and the other results in a dead 
heat, the money is put together and divided equally. 

If one of "triple events" is decided in the backer's favor and 
two result in dead heats, the money betted is put together and 
divided into four parts, one of which goes to the backer. 

23. The following conditions govern bets made on the course 
on the day of the race : 

When the number of a horse has been exhibited all bets on him 
stand, unless otherwise ordered by the Executive Committee. 

If a horse is disqualified for incorrect weight, bets on him 
are not affected by the disqualification, if he carried not less 
than the weight on the official programme or as corrected on 
the notice board; nor shall disqualification for error of regis- 
tration affect such bets. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY, 



RULES FOR SKITTLES 



1. That all pins be knocked down, but should one remain 
standing it shall be considered an extra "go." 

2. That if a pin be hit off the frame, and still stands up, it 
shall be considered "down ;'' but if any part of the pin touch the 
frame it shall be an "up" pin. 

3. That should the ball rebound from the sides or back of the 
ground, and knock down a pin, it shall be considered foul, and 
must be set up again. If a pin, however, be hit by the play of 
the ball, it shall be considered fair. 

4. That if a pin falls and rests upon two pins (or ball and 
pin), it shall be considered "down;" but if resting on one pin 
only, as an "up" pin. 

5. That all wood lying behind the center corners of the frame, 
if no part lie over the frame may be removed at the option of 
either of the players. 

6. That the number of goes be limited to five. 

7. That all ties be decided by the first throw. 



OBSTACLE RACES 



Obstacle Races can be of any distance. The distance is usually 
about 300 yards and several obstacles are used, such as hurdles, 
diving through barrels, going under a net, climbing a rope and 
scaling tall ladders. The laws of athletics as defined by the 
Amateur Athletic Union govern obstacle races with the excep- 
tion that the men at starting lay on their backs, their heads or 
the starting line, bodies pointing perfectly straight back of the 
line and must remain so till the crack of the pistol. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



MOUNTED BROADSWORD RULES 



Contestants shall be required to furnish their own horses, 
weapons, and equipments, and no allowance- will be made for 
the failure to continue the contest for want of same. 

All contests must be fought with regulation broadswords. 

Contestants will toss for choice of position before the attack. 

When the trumpeter sounds the signal for the attack, the 
contestants shall gallop their horses to the center and meet 
right hand to right hand and continue the attack on the other 
for a space of two minutes, which shall be considered the fength 
of each round; referee to decide the winner of each round at 
the expiration of it ; nine two-minute rounds shall constitute the 
battle; the referee and judges shall give their decision to the 
contestant gaining the largest number of rounds at the con- 
clusion of the battle. 

Should both contestants strike at the same time, the referee 
shall award the point to the contestant who, in his estimation, has 
delivered the most effective cut. 

Both contestants shall show fair and equal play. 

Should either keep out of the reach of the other for more 
than two minutes, the usual one-minute rest will be taken, 
and then the judges shall draw four lines each four feet apart 
and on the signal of attack, each swordsman shall be required 
to bring his horse (within thirty seconds) to his opponent or 
forfeit a point. 

Immediate disqualification shall follow the deliberate striking 
of an opponent's horse by an opponent. One minute shall be 
allowed to expire between each round. 

Should the contestant be disabled and the judges do not con- 
sider his injuries as serious, he shall be allowed five minutes to 
renew the battle, if he chooses to. 

A point can only be scored by a blow on the armor ; no cut 
on head or arms shall cotmt. It is fair to strike an opponent 
anywhere above the lower part of the armor ; any cut delivered 
below the armor shall be considered a foul, and cause the loss 
of a point. 

Should the swordsman be unhorsed during the attack, he 
shall be allowed to continue on foot until round is ended, then 
he shall be remounted and continue until contest is decided. 



.f^BJ OZ 




SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



BAT BALL 



Bat Ball, the newest of American pastimes, is intended to 
appeal to all persons who like an easy and exhilarating exer- 
cise without the hardship that attends hand ball, racquets, 
and other sports *of a similar nature. The game was devised 
principally for the excellence of its physical qualities, and it 
should appeal to the young generation of sporting proclivities. 

Bat Ball may be played either in an open court, that is, a 
court with only a front wall against which the game is played, 
or in a court surrounded by four walls. If necessary the 
game may be played against an ordinary high front wall and 
a smaller back wall, the side walls being entirely eliminated. 
Or it can be played, without destroying any of its effects, 
against a high board fence, the side of a house, or any other 
place where facility is afforded for striking the ball. A 
closed court, however, will make the game more scientific 
and will enable the players to judge more accurately the 
bounding of the ball. 

To play Bat Ball properly a participant should have a good 
stroke, the power to send the ball swiftly to its destination, 
if necessary, or with just enough force to reach the front wall 
so as to deceive an opponent. Without confidence, however, 
it will be almost impossible to make an effective stroke or a 
play to count. The ball should never be lost sight of, and 
when a player is ready to make his stroke, he should know 
the position of his opponent or opponents and have mapped 
out just where he intends to place the ball on the front wall 
and with the strength of stroke that is required. 

In serving the ball it is not necessary that the rubber 
sphere should be hit with terrific force, for in that case the 
server is apt to lose all effectiveness by fouling and thereby 
the loss of a hand. It should be the object of server to hit 
the ball just hard enough to bring it out beyond the service 
line, if in an open court, or if in an enclosed court a little 
more power can be used. In every instance, however, it 
should be the aim of a server to make the ball travel low so 
that when it reaches the outer court the bound will be of 
such a difficult nature that the ball's recovery will be a hard 
task. 

Like in racquets and hand ball, to recover a ball after 
service the sphere should be met firmly and caught by the 



72 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

bat in either hand. The use of both hands should be culti- 
vated, for instances are frequent where a change of the bat 
from one hand to another leads to plays that outwit oppo- 
nents. After recovering the ball that player should hover 
around his opponent, but not so close as to hinder him. If 
he should remain within the service line his aim would be 
to place the ball safely to the wall, either in the right- or 
left-hand corner. In that case the recoverer will be in a 
favorable position to gather the ball. If, however, the ball 
should be hit to the outer court the play should be antici- 
pated and the ball met with the bat. Instead of sending it 
high to the front wall, however, the ball should be returned 
low and swiftly so as to land just above the one-foot line on 
the front wall, thereby making further play almost impos- 
sible. 

One of the most important things that should be developed 
in playing Bat Ball is placing. The fact that a player can hit 
with force will not have much effect if the ball cannot be 
placed outside of an opponent's reach, and to do this suc- 
cessfully the head must be used as well as the hands. 

RULES. 

The Court. — A regulation playing surface should be at least 
fifty feet in length and not less than thirty-five feet in width, 
with a front wall rising to the height of twenty feet or more. 
In the absence of a regular playing court, however, the side 
of a house or barn or of a high fence will answer and these 
rules may be modified to suit conditions. If the game is 
played in a gymnasium or in any other enclosed building, 
lines indicating the dimensions of the court must be dis- 
tinctly marked on the board or any other kind of a fioor. 
In addition to this, a line must be drawn the entire width 
of the court, twenty feet from the front wall, this line to 
be known as the "service line." At each end of the service 
line and immediately in front a box three feet square must 
be marked out, this to be known as the "server's box." To 
complete the court's surface a line must extend from the 
center of the service line to the rear of the court, to indicate 
the boundary where the server must place the ball. 

The front wall, either of wood, brick or cement, should be 
solid and smooth so that the ball's impact with it will make 
it travel fast and accurately. Ten feet from the floor a line, 
designated as a "fair hit line," must be marked plainly from 
end to end of the wall's width, and every ball served must 
be hit above this line. Another line, a foot from the floor. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRAUY. 73 

or a board of the same width, which denotes a "point line," 
must be placed on the front wall as a means of indicating 
where a ball must land either from a server or a player to 
count a point or put the server's hand out. 

The Ball. — The ball must be of specially prepared rubber, 
of regulation size and weight, and modeled expressly by A. G. 
Spalding & Bros, for Bat Ball. 

The Bat. — The bat must be of wood, at least eleven inches 
long and not over twelve inches, with a diameter of six inches, 
and not weighing over six ounces. 

The Ball. — The ball must not be over six inches in circum- 
ference, and the weight to be 2i/i ounces. 

HOW TO PLAY. 

Bat Ball can be played by two or four players, and twenty- 
one points shall constitute a game. 

A point must be credited to every player whose service ball 
is not properly returned to the front wall, on the bound or 
fly; when the ball is obstructed in its flight by a player who 
makes but feeble efforts to escape being hit, and when an 
opponent fails to place the ball above the one-foot line on the 
front wall. 

In a single-handed game, or when only two persons are 
interested, the players must toss for choice of the first hand, 
or the first one to serve the ball. This decided, the winner 
of the toss must take his position in the box at the right hand 
of court, and while in the act of serving must not step out- 
side of the box. If he does, it must be considered foul and 
two such faults must result in his retirement as the server. 

While in the right-hand box the ball must be served to 
the left hand of the dividing line in the outer court. If the 
server fails to place it in that locality in two successive 
instances his hand must be declared out. The service must 
be done alternately from the right and left-hand boxes, that 
is, if the server succeeds in making a point from the right- 
hand side of the court he must serve the next ball from the 
left-hand box at the service line, the ball to drop in the 
outer court to the right. 

When becoming a server swing the bat well back and with 
an overhand stroke hit the ball as it is thrown up with the 
left hand and as it reaches its utmost height. The ball must 
hit the front wall above the "fair hit line," or it is declared a 
foul, and two such fouls in succession will put the server's 
hand out. All balls not hit over the "service line" by the 
server are "short," and two such instances puts the hand out. 



74 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

When the ball is served in a proper manner it shall become 
the duty of the player in the outer court to recover it either 
before it touches the iloor or ground, or on the first bound, 
and return it to the front wall on the fly, the stroke being 
similar to that used in lawn tennis, racquets, or with the 
hand in playing hand ball. The server then becomes a player, 
and the ball is continued in play until one or the other par- 
ticipant fails to place the ball to the front wall. A server con- 
tinues in that position until he is unable to place the ball 
properly to the wall, and then his hand is declared out and 
his opponent becomes the server. 

The main object of a Bat Ball player should be to place 
the ball out of reach of the opposing player, a low, swift 
stroke to the extreme end of the court and above the "point 
line" at the bottom of the front wall being the most effective. 
Swift service may do in some instances and the same kind 
of returns are necessary, but the player who uses discretion, 
varies his strokes, and can "kill" the ball, that is, place it 
just above the "point line," may be regarded as likely to win. 

If a player bats a ball and it then hits his opponent, it shall 
be declared a hinder and murt be played over. If a ball comes 
from the front wall and strikes the player who puts it up, 
or his partner, if a double-handed game, it shall be a hinder. 
If a player obstructs another in such a manner that he can- 
not play, the referee must call it a hinder. Should such a 
play be willful, the referee may decide it a point or hand 
out against the offender. 

In scoring points a player is entitled to one point for every 
time he places the ball regularly out of the reach of his 
opponent and the one who first scores twenty-one shall be 
declared the winner. Three games shall constitute a match, 
the player or players winning twice to be adjudged the vic- 
tors. In the event of a player making the necessary twenty- 
one aces to win a game and be still a server, he shall con- 
tinue on in the same position until his hand is put out. 

In a four-handed game the scoring of points and the man- 
ner of playing are similar to those in a two-handed game. 
After a toss-up for the choice of hands, one of the successful 
pair becomes the first server in the right-hand box. His part- 
ner must take his position at the left side of the outer court, 
while one of his opponents stands outside of the "service 
line" on the left and the other in the outer court to the 
right. The latter will be the first to receive the server's first 
contribution, but his partner on the "service line" should be 
on the lookout to return any of the service that may go 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 75 

within his reach. The first server and his partner take the 
first hands, and then come tlieir opponents. 

A referee, two judges, and a marker shall constitute the 
officials of the game. Each man in a single-handed game 
and each team in a double-handed game shall be represented 
by a judge, who may protest to the referee any particular 
play or the marking of a point. A referee's decision, however, 
shall be final. A marker's duties shall be to note carefully 
every point that has been made and to announce the same 
quickly and clearly. When once started, the playing must 
proceed without interruption until the game is finished, unless 
an accident occurs to one of the players. 

No complaints from players shall be recognized, and the 
referee is empowered to remove any player from the game 
who by word or action shall prove objectionable. 

The rules for playing Bat Ball indoors are applicable to 
the pastime out doors, a front wall of boards and a hard and 
level surface being the necessary adjuncts. The utmost care 
should be taken to keep the balls within the boundary, the 
penalty for serving the ball outside of the side lines, both 
indoors and outdoors, being the loss of a hand if a ball 
should be served twice in succession beyond those lines. A 
point shall be recorded against a player who fails to strike 
the front wall with the ball upon its recovery. 



COAL 


GOAL 


LINE 






QUARTER LINE 
CENTRE /?^ 1 INF 


RING 
QUARTER LINE 




COAL 




COAL 


LINE 



DIAGRAM OF FIELD OF PLAY. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 77 

RING HOCKEY 

The game of Ring Hockey was originated by Dr. J. Martin 
Voorhees of Pratt Institute, Brooklyn, New York, in 1899. The 
possibility was first suggested l)y a rubber tire that had been 
separated from an iron dumb-bell which had been left in the 
gymnasium. The Pratt Institute High School class of " "03," 
then freshmen, saw the ring and, having wands in their hands 
preparatory to falling in for drill, began to pass said ring about 
the floor. The game was played in a desultory manner until, 
1902, when Dr. Voorhees figured out a ring with an inner bevel 
and a stick with a convex playing end, to correspond with the 
bevel in the ring, so as to limit the possibility of lifting the ring. 
Inter-class tournaments were arranged and played, creating very 
much interest and enthusiasm. 

One must be quick of eye to follow the ring, and quick and 
accurate of motion to place the end of the stick in the three- 
inch opening of the ring as it is speeding across the floor. The 
possibility for the exercise of judgment and the chance for 
team work are unlimited. When the game can be played in a 
room, say forty by sixty feet, or of approximate proportions, and 
the side walls are used for boundaries a great deal is added to 
the game by the possibility of carom shots ; goals being made 
by the ring having been shot against the wall at an angle that 
the rebound would carry it betwetn the goal posts. Caroms 
may also be made from the side of the foot placed solidly on the 
floor in the line of direction of the ring. A room of this kind 
is also conducive to a continuous game because there is no "out 
of bounds." When playing in such a room the goal posts must 
be placed at least four feet from the end walls and the backward 
feet connected by a white line to be the goal line. 



78 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

OFFICIAL RULES 

Copyrighted, 1903, by Dr. J. M. Voorhees. 

RULE I. 

Section i. Ring Hockey may be played on any floor free from 
obstructions, said floor space not to exceed 3,600 square feet of 
actual playing space. 

Sec. 2. Unobstructed walls or well-defined lines shall form 
the boundary of the actual playing space, the longer side to 
be called the side line; the shorter, the goal line. 

Sec. 3. The actual playing space shall be divided into four 
equal parts : first,' by a line drawn through the centre of the 
space from side to side and called the centre line ; each space thus 
made shall be divided by a line through its centre from side to 
side and called the quarter line. 

RULE IL 

Section i. The ring shall be made of flexible rubber, shall be 
5 inches in diameter, with a 3-inch opening through the centre, 
the circumference of which shall be beveled from the centre of the 
upper and under surface to a depth of .>^ inch, leaving a ^ inch 
surface whose centre point is i/S inch from floor. The ring shall 
weigh not less than 12 ounces, nor more than 16 ounces. 

RULE in. 

Section i. The sticks shall have no metal fittings whatever 
and no sharp edges, and must be made to pass through a ring of 
8-10 inch inside diameter and touch at ail points. 

The stick shall not be less than 36 inches long, nor more than 
40 inches long, and provided with a Basket-guard not less than 
5 inches or more than 5I/2 inches in diameter, and not less than 
V2 inch or more than i inch deep, guard fitting a groove Y^ inch 
deep at a point on the stick 20 inches from the floor, or playing 
end; said end shall be convex to a height of 5/^ of an inch. The 
stick complete shall not weigh more than 16 ounces nor less 
than 12 ounces, and is preferably made of a light tough wood. 

Sec. 2. The stick shall be held with the right hand below the 
left, or v'xcc versa for a left-handed person, or may be used with 
either hand alone. 

Sec. 3. No part of the stick must at any time be raised above 
the shoulder. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 7'.> 

RULE IV. 

Section i. The goal posts shall consist of two uprights 3 x 3 
inches 3 feet high, placed on a base consisting of feet radiating 
in three directions from a common point, forward (into field 
of play), backward (toward the goal line), outward (toward the 
side line). Said base shall be made of wood except the extreme 
514 inches of the outward foot, which shall consist of a metal 
weight not more than i inch thick or 5^ inches broad; the feet 
shall each be 12 inches in extent from the centre point, the out- 
ward foot provided with a cast shoe which is continuous with 
said weight. r 

Sec. 2. The goal posts shall be placed in the centre of the 
shortest side of the playing space, 4 feet apart, with the extreme 
points of the backward feet resting on the goal line. 

RULE V. 

Section i. Teams for match play shall consist of six men, 
designated as follows : 

Goal, who plays between goal posts ; 
Quarter, who plays on quarter line, and assists goal ten- 
der to guard ; 
Forzi'ords. who with the centre, advance the ring; 
Centre, who starts play from centre, "striking off." 

RULE VL 

Section i. The officials shall consist of a Referee, a Field 
Umpire, two Goal Umpires, a Timer, and a Scorer. 

Sec. 2. The Referee shall start the game from centre of field 
by command. "Get ready. Play" ; shall start play from held ring 
after call of time ; decide when ring is out of bounds and to whom 
it belongs ; calls time when necessary. 

Sec. 3. The Field Umpire watches the game for rough and 
foul play in accordance with the rules, and awards penalties for 
same. 

Sec. 4. Goal Umpires watch the goals from behind, one at 
each end of the field of play, and decide when a goal has been 
scored. 

Sec. 5. The Timer keeps the actual playing time of the game, 
and notifies Referee at the expiration of the time set for each 
l-.alf. 

Sec. 6. The Scorer shall keep the actual count of the goals 
scored, as designated by the Goal Umpire and announced by the 
Referee. 



80 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

RULE VII. 

Sec. I. Captains shall be indicated by each side previous to 
commencement of a match ; they must be players in the match. 

3ec. 2. The Captains shall be the representatives of their re- 
spective teams. 

Sec. 3. The Captains shall toss for choice of goal and be en- 
titled to respectfully call the attention of the officials to any viola- 
tion of the rules which they think have been made. 

Sec. 4. Before the commencement of a match, each Captain 
shall furnish the Scorer with a list of the men on his team, with 
their possessions. 

RULE VIII. 

Section i. The scoring a goal shall consist of sending the ring 
between the goal posts and across the goal Ime by means of 
the stick properly held in the hands, as described in Rule III., 
Sec. 2. 

Sec. 2. A Goal from the field counts i point ; a Goal from 
a foul or a penalty goal counts J^ point ; a Goal made shall count 
against the side over whose goal line the ring has passed as re- 
quired in Sec. i of Rule VIII. 

Sec. 3. The game shall be started by a player from each side 
facing each other and standing one on either side of the ring 
on a plane at right angles to the centre line, the floor end of 
each player's stick resting on the floor to the respective player's 
right of the ring, said ring shall rest on the centre line at a point 
midway between the side lines indicated by a conspicuous mark. 
The centre players shall, at the command of the Referee (Rule 
VI., Sec. 2), start the ring with the stick into motion in any di- 
rection he may desire from periphery of ring. 

Sec. 4. Play will thus be started at the beginning of the game 
after each goal and the beginning of each half. 

Sec. 5. After the Referee gives the command the ring must 
first be touched by one of the centre mea ; a violation of this rule 
shall constitute a foul. When two fouls at once on opposite 
sides are called (they should be shot in succession), the ring 
shall then be dead and put in play at the centre. 

All players other than the centre men shall remain on side 
nearest their own goal, and not nearer than 6 feet of the centre 
line, until the ring is first touched into play by one of the centre 
men. Should the centre men touch the ring into play prior to the 
completion of the command of the Referee, he shall declare a 
penalty goal against the offender, and shall permit the opponent 
a free sliot from the centre point at the goal, unprotected except 
by the goal tender. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

Sec. 6. After time has been called, llie Referee shall put the 
ring in play at a point near the spot where it was when time was 
called (Rule VIII., Sec. 7), unless it be held by one player out 
of bounds, in which case play shall be resumed at the whistle of 
the Referee, as if time had not been called. 

Sec. 7. The two opponents nearest the spot when time was 
called shall strike off for the ring as at the centre. 

Sec. 8. When the ring is held by two or more players whose 
sticks are through the centre for any length of time, the Referee 
shall blow his whistle, stop play, and start again with the two 
players between whom the ring was held at the point held, as at 
centre. 

Sec. 9. Whenever the ring is put in play by the Referee be- 
tween two players, they must stand on a line parallel to the side 
lines, and must not be approached to withm 6 feet by any other 
player, until play is started. 

Sec. 10. A game must be decided by the winning of the most 
points in 50 minutes, playing time, except in case of a tie. 

Sec. II. In case of a tie, the game shall continue without 
change of goals until either side has scored one point. 

Sec. 12. If the ring is shoved between the goal posts by other 
means than the feet or stick properly held in the hands, the Ref- 
eree shall award a goal to the opposing team. 

Sec. 13. The game shall consist of two halves of 25 minutes 
■each, with 10 minutes intermission between halves ; this is the 
actual time of play, which may be changed by mutual agreement 
of the Captains. 

Sec. 14. The teams shall change goals at the end of each 
half. 

Sec. 15. When a foul has been declared the opposite side shall 
have a free shot for the goal (protected only by the goalkeeper), 
from any point on the quarter line ; no part of the player 
shooting the foul shall cross the quarter line until the ring 
has crossed the goal line between the goal posts or missed the 
goal. If this rule is violated, the goal, if made, shall not be 
scored, and if missed, the ring shall be put in play from the 
centre of the field as at the opening of the game. 

Sec. 16. No player shall stand nearer than six feet of the 
player who has the free shot, or of the line the ring must take 
from the point shot to pass between the goal posts, or interfere 
with the ring until after it reaches the goal line between the goal 
posts, or misses the goal. If this rule is violated by one of the 
opposite team and the goal is missed, another free shot shall 
be allowed. The Referee makes the decision for the violation of 
this rule. 



82 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

Sec. 17. The ring may be shot in any direction with the stick 
properly held, and with a sweeping motion (shoveling or scoop- 
ing not permitted). 

Sec. 18. The ring shall not be kicked, struck or advanced in 
any direction except by means of the stick properly held, except 
by the goal tender, who may use his feet to stop or kick the 
ring while between the goal posts. The Umpire shall call a foul' 
for the violation of this rule. 

Sec. 19. A player may not advance the ring by rushing it and 
then shoot a goal; a goal so made does not score and the ring 
continues in play. Rushing is advancing the ring with the stick 
held continuously in the centre or against the side, or by re- 
peated short passes uninterrupted by the ring having been touched 
by another player. The ring thus advanced must be passed to 
another player before a goal can be scored. This shall not be 
interpreted as interfering with a man's turning around with- 
out making progress. A violation of this rule shall constitute a 
foul. 

Sec. 20. The ring shall be held with the stick (properly held 
in the hands), but the using of any part of the body or person 
to hold or assist in holding the ring constitutes a foul, and the 
Umpire shall call a foul for the same. 

Sec. 21. There shall be no cross-checking; that is, running 
between a player and the ring, unless you can touch and shoot 
the ring with the stick held in the hand before coining in contact 
with the other player. A violation of this rule shall constitute a 
foul. 

Sec. 22. There shall be no tackling or holding of an opponent. 
The arms or stick shall not be used in any way to interfere with 
the progress of a player who has not the ring ; excepting, that 
the player who has the ring may use one arm straight to ward 
off an opponent ; grasping the clothing or person or stick of 
a player with the hands, or putting one or both arms about a 
player, or holding the stick across the person of a player, shall 
be called holding, and contitutes a foul. 

Sec. 23. There shall be no shouldering, tripping, striking, 
kicking, hooking, or intentional or unnecessary roughness of any 
kind. A violation of this rule constitutes a foul. The Referee 
m.ay for the first offense and shall for the second offense dis- 
qualify the offender for that game. A foul is the violation of 
the rules whether intentional or otherwise. The Umpire shall 
call a foul for the violation of this rule. 

Sec. 24. A substitute shall be allowed for a disqualified player 
and the foul made shall be allowed. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 83 

Sec. 25. Whenever, because of sickness or accident to a 
player, it becomes necessary to call "time," play must be resumed 
in five minutes. If the injured player is unable to resume play 
by that time, a substitute shall take his place or the game start 
at once without him, otherwise, men can only be changed between 
halves and only after notifying the Scorer and Referee. Any 
goals made by a team violating this rule shall not be counted, 
but this shall not affect the score of the other team. A man 
once removed from a game cannot play again during that 
game. 

Sec. 26. The ring is out of bounds only when it has com- 
pletely crossed the boundary lines. 

(a) When the ring is passed from the field of play and re- 
mains there, the Referee shall give it to the opponent. 

(b) When the ring is passed out of bounds it shall go to the 
opposing side, but in case of a doubt in the mind of the Referee 
as to which player touched it last, it shall be given to the player 
first touching it outside. 

(c) In case of a doubt in the mind of tjie Referee as to which 
player first touched the ring outside, he shall put it in play inside 
the field of play on a line with the spot where it left the field 
of play, as at centre by the two players between whom the 
doubt exists. 

'(d) When the ring goes out of bounds and returns in again, 
play shall continue whether or not it was touched while out 
of bounds, except if the Referee's whistle is blown ; the ring 
shall then be put in play as though it had not returned to the 
field of play. 

(e) When it is passed to a player out of bounds, the Referee 
shall give it to the opponent at the spot where it left the field 
of play. 

(f) The ring shall not be carried from the field of play. The 
Umpire shall call a foul for the violation of this rule. 

(g) A player is allowed five seconds to hold the ring out of 
bounds. 

(h) The ring may be passed in any direction into the field 
of play from a point out of bounds on a line drawn at right 
angles to the boundary line at the soot where it left the field of 

play- 

(1) A player shall not be interfered with in passing the ring 
Into the field of play ; no part of an opponent's person shall be 
out of bounds^and the opponent shall not touch the ring until It 
has crossed the line into the field of play. 

If these rules are violated, the Referee shall return the ring 
to tlie player out of bounds. Repeated interference and conse- 



84 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY, 

qiicnt delay of ilic game sliall he ciiuiitecl as a foul against the 
learn so delaying. Said foul shall he called hy the Referee. 

Sec. 2"]. A goal shot by a player, any part of whose body is out 
of bounds, shall not be scored, and play shall continue. 

Sec. 28. If a player shoots a goal and the Referee decides that 
the shot was made before the whistle of an ofificial was sounded, 
and the shot results in a goal, the goal shall be scored except 
as in Sec. 30 of this rule. 

Sec. 29. When the Umpire's and Referees' whistles sound 
simultaneously, the Referee is to decide whose is to take pre- 
cedence. 

Sec. 30. The Referee shall decide that a goal shot before the 
whistle can be blown for a foul made by the team shooting the 
goal shall not count, but if a player is fouled while shooting a 
goal, both shall count. 

Sec. 31. A game goes by default to a team appearing at the ap- 
pointed time and place ready for play when the other team fails 
to meet its agreement. 

Sec. 32. There shall be no protests against the decisions 
of officials, except in regard to interpretations of rules. 

Sec. t^Z- Any remarks on the part of a player during the prog- 
ress of a game derogatory in any way to the officials shall be 
called a foul by the Referee. 

Sec. 34. The home team shall be held responsible for the 
behavior of the spectators. 

Sec. 35. The Referee shall promptly disqualify any player 
using profane or abusive language. 



OFFICIAL RULES FO R ALL ATHLETIC SPORTS 

The following list contains the Group and the Number of the book of 
Spalding's Athletic Library in which the rules wanted are contained. See 
front pages of book for complete list of Spalding's Athletic Library. 



2 No. 

o 



AU-Round Athletic Cham- 
pionship 

A. A. U. Athletic Rules .... 

A. A. U. Boxing Rules 

A. A. U. Gymnastic Rules. . 
A. A. U. Water Polo Rules. 
A. A. U. Wrestling Rules. . . 

Archery 

Badminton 

Base Ball 

Indoor 

Basket Ball, Official 

Collegiate 

Women's 

Water 

Basket Goal 

Bat Ball 

Betting 

Bowling 

Boxing— A. A. U., Marquis 

of Queen sbury, London 

Prize Ring 

Broadsword (mounted) 

Caledonian Games 

Canoeing 

Children's Games 

Court Tennis 

Cricket 

Croquet 

Curling 

Dog Racing 

Fencing 

Foot Ball 

Association (Soccer) 

English Rugby 

Rugby (Ontario R. F. U., 
Quebec R.F.U.,Canadian 

LC.F. B.U.) 

Golf 

Golf-Croquet 

Hand Ball 

Hand Polo 

Hand Tennis 

Hitch and Kick 

Hockey 

Ice 

Field 

Garden 

Lawn 

Parlor 

Ring ; 

Ontario Hockey Ass'n 

Indoor Base Ball 

Intercollegiate A. A. A. A. . 

Lacrosse 

U. S. I. C. Lacrosse League 



Lawn Bowls 

Lawn Games 

Lawn Tennis 

Obstacle Races 

Olympic Game Events — Mar- 
athon Race, Stone Throw- 
ing with Impetus, Spear 
Throwing, HellenicMethod 
of Throwing Discus. Dis- 
cus, Greek Sty le for Youths 

Pigeon Flying 

Pin Ball 

Playground Ball 

Polo ( Equestrian) 

Polo, Rugby 

Polo, Water (A. A. U.) 

Potato Racing 

Professional Racing, Shef- 
field Rules 

Public Schools Athletic 

League Athletic Rules 

Girls' Branch ; including 
Rules for School Games. 

Push Ball 

Push Ball, Water 

Quoits 

Racquets 

Revolver Shooting 

Ring Hockey 

Roller Polo 

Roller Skating Rink 

Roque 

Rowing 

Sack Racing 

Shuffleboard 

Skating 

Skittles 

Snowshoeing 

Squash Racquets 

Swimming 

Tether Tennis 

Three- Legged Race 

Volley Ball 

Wall Scaling. 

Walking 

Water Polo (American) 

Abater Polo (English) 

Wicket Polo 

Wrestling 

Y. M. C. A. All-Round Test 

Y. M. C. A. Athletic Rules. . 

Y. M. C. A . Hand Ball Rules. 

Y MCA. Pentathlon Rules. 

Y.M.C.A. Volley Ball Rules. 



2 No. 

O 



12 


55 


12 


55 


12 


55 


1 


306 


10 


199 


12 


hh 


12 


an 


12 


311 



12 


314 


11 


170 


12 


55 


11 


167 


11 


194 


12 


.55 


6 


180 


10 


10 


10 


10 


11 


271 


13 


12« 


12 


55 


12 


55 


13 


209 


12 


55 


12 


.55 


11 


194 


13 


177 


11 


188 


12 


.55 


« 


188 


12 


.55 


12 


.55 


12 


311 


12 


.55 


10 


188 


14 


236 


12 


302 


12 


302 


12 


302 


12 


302 


12 


302 



5f,SrT:Tll?JHE SPALDING 



ITRADE-IVIARK''Zr,?.E^ 



THE SPALDING OFFICIAL 
INTERCOLLEGIATE FOOT BALL 




THIS is the ONLY OFFICIAL RUGBY iouT BALL, and is used in every 
important match played in this country. Guaranteed absolutely If seal 
or box is unbroken. We pack with leather case and guaranteed pure 
Para rubber bladder, (no composition), an inflater, lacing needle and rawhide lace. 

No. J5. Complete, $5.00 



We Guarantee every Spaldlng Fool Ball to be periecl In material 
and workmanship and correct in shape and size when inspected at our lac- 
lory. 11 any delect is discovered during the lirsl game in which It Is used, 
or during the lirst day's practice use, and 11 returned at once, we will 
replace same under this guarantee. We do not guarantee against ordinary 
wear nor against deled in shape or size that is not discovered Immediately 
atler the ilrsi day's use. 

Owing to the superb quality ol every Spalding Foot Ball, our customers 
have grown to expect a season's use oi one ball, and at limes make unreason- 
able claims under our guarantee, which we will not allow. 



<tk^ 



/^/^^U^ 



'""""""SSH^to A. G. SPALDING & BROS. ""-'^^!t^'!^ a.:^^^ 



Hew York Philadelphia Washington 

Boston Pittsburg Atlanta 

SyracuM Baltimore I New Orleans 
Br 



Sydney, 1^ Clevelaod 
1 Au'tfalla I Z^j^ Columbui 



St. Louis 

Kansas City 

Denver 

Detfolt_ 



San Francisco 
Seattle 
MlnneapoUs 
SI. rial 



iaM*jiiiHJji.ii;iJ((ai!!MM 



GUARANTEES 
QUALITY 



SPALDING EQUIPMENT 

I by practically every "Soccer" team In the United States and Canada, In addition to many of the 
ns In the British Isles. Qaallty of material and finish of every article absolutely best. 




Spalding Association Foot Ball No. 

Regulation size, extremely well made and will give ex- 
cellent satisfaction. The case is made of best grade 
English leather and the bladder of pure Para rubber (no 
composition), fully guaranteed. Each ball packed com- 
plete with rawhide lace and lacing needle in sealed box. 
No. O. Eath, S4.00 



Spalding Association Foot Ball No. N 

Regulation size. The case of this ball is well made of 
good quality leather, pebbled graining. Packed com- 
plete with pure Para rubber (no composition), guaran- 
teed bladder, rawhide lace and lacing needle in sealed 

box Each, S2.00 

No. P. Regulation size Leather case, full size, good 
quality. Complete with pure Para rubber (no composi- 
tion), guaranteed bladder in sealed box. Each, 9 1 .86 



Spalding '^Official" Gaelic Foot Ball 

No. K. Made in the improved style with 8 sections and 
"black button" ends. Material and workmanship of 
highest quality and fully guaranteed. Each ball is 
packed complete in sealed box, with a pure Para rubber 
(no composition), guaranteed bladder, inflater, rawhide 
lace and lacing needle. Contents guaranteed perfect if 
seal is unbroken Each, S6.00 



Spalding Guaranteed Association Foot Ball 
Bladders 

All Robber Bladders bearing oar Trade-Mark 
are made of Pure Para Rubber (no composi- 
tion), and are guaranteed Perfect In Material 
and Workmanship. Note special explanation 
of guarantee on tag attached to each bladder. 
No.OA. For Nos.H and L Balls. Each.S .76 
No. OB. For No. K Ball. " I .OO 

No. A. JorNo. OBall. . " .76 

No. SB. For Nos. N and P . 



.60 





Spalding Association Foot Ball Goal Nets 

Made in accordance with official specifications. 
Heavy tarred nets, pegs, guys, and everything 
necessary except the posts and cross pieces, 
which can be put up by any carpenter. 

No. O. Per pair, complete, 8 1 8.00 




Bj^ c— Ji^gfiSIL,. A. G.SPALDING & BROS. '■"''T^^/tv?tS...nl^^l 


New York 
Boston 

Buffalo 


PhUadelphla 
PlttBburS 
Baltimore 
Montrea 


Washington 
1. Canada 


FOR STREET. MJMRtKi SEE I\SIDE fROST COWER 
J. Of THIS BOOK * 


Chicago 
Cincinnati 
Cleveland 
Columbus 


St. Louis 

Kansas City 

Denver 


San Francisco 
Seattle 
MlnneapoUs 
St. Paul 1 


^1 London,! Edinburgh,! Sydney, IV 






-VTrtSTto 


fffectJuJi/ 5. 1909, Subject to ehtwee withe 


ut noiice. 







SBtUHE SPALDING 



iTRADEMARK'=Zr,lf 



SPALDING GYMNASIUM SHOES 




No. 18. Kangaroo, elkskin sole, extra light, hand made. Per pair, S6.00 

No. 166. Elkskin sole, soft and flexible ; in ladies' and men's sizes. ... " 4.50 

No. 166. Lowcutshoe, selected leather, extra light and electric sole; ladies' and men's sizes. " 3.00 

No. 90L. For Ladies. Low cut shoe, good quality black leather, with electric sole and corrugated rubber 

heel. Very light and well made Per pair, S2.00 



, 86L. Special ladies' low cut shoe, selected 
black leather, roughened electric sole. 
Per pair, S2.00 
No. I 9. Fine horse hide low cut 
shoe, flexible oak sole, rough- 
ened to prevent slipping; very 
light and comfortable. 

Per pair, $2.00 

No. 1 9L. For Ladies. 

Otherwise" same as No. 19. . Per pair, S2.00 

No. 21. High cut. ... " 2.00 

No. 20. Low cut; selected leather, electric sole. 

A very easy and flexible shoe. Per pair, $1.76 

No. 20L. For Ladies. Otherwise this shoe is same 

as No. 20 Per pair, SI. 75 





No. I H. High cut, best grade canvas 
shoe, white rubber sole ; in ladies' 
men's sizes ; men's made of 
white canvas, ladies' of black. 

Pair, S 1 .76 * $18.00 Doz. 

Low cut, best grade canvas, 

shoe, white rubber sole; in ladies' 

men's sizes; men's made of 

white canvas, ladies' of black. 

Fair. at. BO ir $15. 00 Doz. 

No. M. High cut canvas, 

rubber sole. 

i^air, S I .OO • $10.20 Doz. 
No. K. Low cut canvas shoe, rubber sole. 

Pair, 76c. • $8.00 Doz. 
No. E. Low cut canvas shoe, canvas sole. Very pop- 
ular for gymnasium. . . Per pair, 36c. 



No. I 



SPALDING LADIES' SHOES, WITH FLEXIBLE SOLES 

Nft. BHL. Ladies' gymnasium shoes, made of good quality selected leather, black color, with elkskin sole, 

high cut. . Per pair, S 1 .60 * $16.20 Doz. 

No. PL. Ladies' gym. shoes, elkskin, pearl color, with 

elkskin soles, high cut. Pair. S 1 .60 * $16.20 Doz. 

No. OPL. Same as No. PL, except low cut. 

Per pair, SI. 2 6 • $13.80 Doz. 

No. OHL. This shoe is the same as our No. BHL shoe, 

except low cut. Per pair, S 1 .26 * $13.80 Doz. 

No. SL. Ladies' gym. shoes, made of selected leather, 

drab color, high cut. Pair, S I .OO * $10.20 Doz. 

No. OSL. Same as No. SL, except low cut. 

Per pair, 90c. * $9.60 Doz. ^o. ohl 

italics opposite items marked with ir will be quoted only on orders for one-half dozen or 
nore. Quantity prices NOT allowed on items NOT marked with * 





The prices printed i 



Comn,u„.caUon.^^ A.G.SPALDING & BROS. '" °"?;^^t,7?tX^.»:^^^ 



PhUadelphla Washington 

Pittsburg Atlanta 

Baltimore New Orleans 

Montreal. Canada 



5^1 London.lEdinburgli.l Sydney, I 
' I England | Scotland | Australia | 



Chicago 
Cincinnati 
Cleveland 
Columbus 



St. Louis 

Kansas City 

Denver 

Detroit 



San Francisco 

Seattle 

Minneapolis 

St. Paul 



Prim in tffectjulu 5. 1909. Subject Iq change without ^vtice. 



THE SPALDING 



IItradeIarkT^ 



The Spalding improved 
Patent Ankle Supporter 




1 JBI7 14. I»OS-No. 8»a.0«4 



Improved on original Hackey patent 
of which A. G. Spalding & Bros, were 
, the (ole llccnaccs , 



There is no seam in the back of 
any of our ankle supporters. 
Nothing in their construction 
to chate the foot, and they are 
shaped specially to fit back of 
foot snugly over heel. This is 

a patented feature. 
Worn over or under stocking 
No.SH ,M^/ \1 and support the ankle admir- 

ably, while not interfering in 
any way with free movements. 
Relieve pain immediately and 
cure a sprain in a remarkably 
short time. In ordering, grive 
size of shoe worn 
No. H. Soft tanned leather, best quality. . Pair, S I .OO 
No. SH. Good quality sheepskin, well made. " .60 

No. CH. Black duck, lined and bound. . " .25 



Knee Cap Bandage 

In ordering, give circumference below 
knee, at knee and just above knee, and 
state if light or strong pressure is desired. 
No. 4. Cotton thread. Each, SI. 60 I 
No. 4A. Silk thread. . " 2.00 

Elbow Bandage 

In ordering, give circum- 
ference above and below 
elbow, and state if for 

light or strong pressure. ^^^^ 

No. a. Cotton thread .9 I .60 
No. 2A. Silk thread. 2.00 | 





Spalding Wrist Bandage 



Give circumference around 
smallest part of wrist, and state 
whether for light or strong 
pressure. each 

No. 6. Cotton thread. S .76 
No.OA. Silk thread. i .OO 




Ankle Bandage] 

In ordering, 

circumference 

around 

ankle 

and 

instep; state if light or strong 
pressure is desired. each 
No.6. Cotton thread. S 1. 60 
No. 6A. Silk thread. 2.00 



Spalding Shoulder Cap Bandage 

In ordering, 
give circumfer- 
ence around 
arm and chest. 
Mention for 
which shoulder 
required. 




No. I A. Silk thread. Each, 6.60 



Spalding Elastic 
Bandage 




Composed of threads of rubber com- 
pletely covered. Light, porous and 
easily applied. The pressure can be ap- 
plied wherever necessary, following all 
depressions or swellings with folding 
and unvarying uniformity. Quickly se- 
cured by inserting end under last fold. 
No. 30. Width 3 inches, 5 yards 
long (stretched). Each, SI. OO 

No. 26. Width 2r'i inches, 5 yards 
long (stretched). Each, 76c. 

Spalding Elastic Belt 




Our elastic foot ball belt stretches with 
the length of body and may be attached 
to jacket and pants, thus forming one 
continuous suit. By closely fitting the 
body, the opposing player has less 
chance of tackling. Allows perfect 

freedom in all positions. 

No. I . Width 6 inch. Each, S 1 .60 

This style belt is used in our No. VTJ 

Union Foot Ball Suit 



any of the following ^^SS3[ 
cities will receive attention. | 




Prices in effect July 5, lyon. Subje: 



inge without notice. 



THE SPALDING 



Spalding'Highest Quality "Sweaters 




w 



Colors: White, Navy Blue, 
Black, Gray, Mar 001 



We allow four inches for stretch in all 
our sweaters, and sizes are marked 
accordingly. It is suggested, however, 
that for very heavy men a size about two 
inches larger than coat measurement 
be ordered to insure a comfortable fit. 
WORSTED SWEATERS. Made of 
special quality wool, and ex- 
ceedingly soft and pleasant to 
wear. They are full fashioned to body 
and arms and put together by hand, not 
simply stitched up pn a machine as are 
the majority of garments sold as regu- 
lar made goods. The various grades 
in our "Highest Quality" Sweaters are 
identical in quality and finish, the dif- 
ference in price being due entirely to 
and variations in weight. Our No. AA 
Cardinal. Other colors to order. Sweaters are considerably heavier than 
Prices on application. All made ^he heaviest sweaters ever knitted and 
^ith 9.incLollars, sizes 28 to -^r^, 'j J^'^^^'^'JL^I ,^ 

'»'' "w^^"''^- of this special weight. 

No. AA. The proper style for use after heavy exercise, inducing 
copious perspiration for reducing weight or getting into condition for 
athletic contests. Particularly suitable for Foot Ball and Skating. 
Heaviest sweater made. . . Each, S8.00 if $8J,.00 Doz. 

No. A. "Intercollegiate," special weight. " 6.00 -Ar 60.00 Doz. 
No. B. Heavy weight. 

Each, S6.00 it $5J,.00 Doz. 

Spalding Slialier Sweater 

We introduced this wool sweater to fill a 
demand for as heavy a weight as our 
"Highest Quality" grade, but at a lower 
price, and after much experimenting, we 
are in a position to offer it in the fol- 
lowing colors only . Black, Navy Blue, 
Maroon, Gray or White. Sizes 30 to 44 

inches. 
No. 3. Standard weight, slightly lighter 
than No. B. . . Each, $3.50 



Spalding Combined Knitted Muliler 
and Chest Protector 

No. M. Made of special weight, 

highest quality worsted in solid colors. 

Gray, Black, Navy and Cardinal, to 

match our sweaters. 

Each^ SI. 00 





SPALDING 

WINTER SPORTS 
SWEATER 




No. WJ. Most satisfactory and 
comfortable style for all winter 
sports ; also useful for training 
purposes, reducing weight, tramp, 
ing during cold weather, golfing, 
shooting, tobogganing, showshoe- 
ing ; in fact, for every purpose 
where a garment is required to give 
protection from cold or inclement 
weather. Made with a high collar 
that may be turned down, changing 
it into the neatest form of a button 
front sweater. Gray only; in highest 
quality special heavy weight wors- 
ted. Size, 28 to 44 in. Each, 87. 60 




' body ud 

No. WJ with I 

The prices printed in italics opposite items marked with -k will be quoted only on orders for one half dozen 1 
more. Quantity prices NOT allowed on iterns NOT marked with -k 



SWe THE SPALDING 



Spalding Jacket Sweaters 



Sizes 28 to H inch chest measurement. We allow four inches for stretch in all 

our sweaters, and sizes are marked accordingly. It is suggested, however, that 

for very heavy men a size about two inches larger than coat measurement be 

ordered to insure a comfortable fit. 




BITTTON FRONT 

No.VG. Best quality worsted 
heavy weight, pearl buttons 
Made in Gray, White and Dark 
Brown Mixture only. 

Each, S6.00 i( $60.00 Do 
No. DJ. Fine worsted, standir 
weight, pearl buttons, fine k 
edging. Made in Gray, Wl 
and Sage Gray only. 

Each, 9B.OO -kf-^ilOODo 
No. 3J. Standard weight wool 
.'ihaker knit, pearl buttons. In 
Gray or White only. 

Each, S^.BO-kSiS.OODcz 
WITH POCKETS 

No. VGP. Best quality wors 
ted, heavy weight, pearl but '^° ^'^^ 

tons. Made up in Gray or \\ hite onl> With pocket on either side 
and a particularly convenient and popular st\le for golf pla\ers 
Each, 96.00 if $75.00 Doz. 




T^0^ 



T^£J 




Spalding 
Vest Collar Sweaters 

Nil BG. Best quality worsted, good 
\ < i^'ht. Gray or White only, withex- 
tii lie open or low neck. 

Each, S6.60 -k $57.00 Doz. 

Boys' Jacket Sweater 

N 3JB. Thisisanall wool jacket 
iter, with pearl buttons; fur- 
iii^l ed in Gray only, and sizes from 
II to 36 inches chest measurement 
Each, S3. OO -k $33.00 Doz 
SPKIAL NOTICE-We will lornish any ol I 




charge. This does not apply la (he No. 3JB Boys* Sweater. 



The prices printed in italics opposite items marked with -k will be quoted only on orders for one half dozen or 
more. Quantity prices NOT allowed on items NOT marked with -k 



E^^ Con,mur.>ca.on^^ ^^ Q^ SPALDING & BROS. 



New York 
Boston 

Sjrracuif 
Buffalo 



Phlladelplila Washington 

Pittsburg Atlanta 

Baltimore New Orleans 

Montreal. Canada 



FOK STREET SL.^KEKS : 



*^ I London, I Edinburgh, I Sydney, if? 
~ I England | Scotland | Australi a | ' 



Chicago 
Cincinnati 
Cleveland 
Columbus 



St. Louis 

Kansas City 

Denver 

Detroit 



San Francisco 

Seattle 

Minneapolis 

St. Paul 



Prices in effect July 5, 190i>. Subject to change without notice. 



Athletic Shirts, Tights and Trunks 




STOCK COLORS AND SIZES 

Worsted Goods, Best Quality 

We carry following colors regularly in stock: Black, Navu Blue and Maroon, in stock sizes. Shirts, 
26 to U in. chest. Tights, 28 to 1,2 in. waist. Othet colors and sizes made to order at special 

prices. Estimates on application. 
Onr No. 600 Line Worsted Goods. Furnished in Gray and White, Navy Blue, Maroon. 

and Black only. Stock sizes: Shirts, 26 to U in. chest; Tights, 28 to 1,2 in. waist. 

Sanitary Cotton Goods. Colors: Bleached White, Navy, Black, Maroon and Gray. Stock 

sizes: Shirts, 26 to H in. chest; Tights, 26 to 1,2 in. waist. 



Spalding Sleeveless Shirts 

No. I E. Best Worsted, full fashioned, stock colors and sizes. Each, S3.00 
No. 600. Cut worsted, stock colors and sizes. Each, » I .60 -k $13.50 Doz. 
No. 6E. Sanitary Cotton,stock colors and sizes. Each,60c. * White, $1,.50 Dos 

Spalding Striped Sleeveless Shirts * ^'''•''^'' ^ ^^^"^ 

No. 600S. Cut Worsted, with 4-inch stripe around chest, in following com 
binations of colors; Navy with White stripe; Black with Orangestripe; Mar i 
with White stripe; Red with Black stripe; Royal Blue with White stripe; Bid k 
with Red stripe; Gray with Cardinal stripe. . Each, S 1 .50 * $15.00 L) 
No. eES. Sanitary Cotton, solid color body, with 4-inch str\pe around chest 
in same combinations of colors as No. 600S. . Each, 76.'c. * $7.50 D 

Spalding Shirts with Sash 
No. 6ED. Sanitary Cotton, sleeveless, solid color body with sash of differ 
ent color. Same combinations of colors as No. 600S. Each, 76c. if $7.50 Doz 

Spalding Quarter Sleeve Shirts 

No. IF. Best Worsted, full fashioned, stock colors and sizes. Each, S3. CO 
No. 60 I . Cut Worsted, stock colors.and sizes. Each, S I . 60 * $15.00 Doz 
No. 6F. Sanitary Cotton, stock colors and sizes. 60c. if White, i. 50 Doz 

Spalding Full Sleeve Shirts ^Colors, i.75Doz 

No. 3D. Cotton, Flesh, White, Black. . , . . Each, SI. CO 





Spalding Knee Tights 

No. IB. Best Worsted, full 
fashioned, stock colors and 
sizes. . Pair, S3. CO 

No. 604. Cut Worsted, stock 
colors and sizes. Pair. $ 1 .60 
ir $13.50 Doz. 
No. 4B. Sanitary Cotton, stock 
colors and sizes. Pair. 60c. 
• White, $!,.50 • Colors, $i.75 

Spalding 
Full Length Tights 

No. I A. Best Worsted, full 

fashioned, stock colors and 

sizes. . Pair, S4.00 

Cut Worsted, stock colors and 

Pair, S2.00 • $21.00 Doz. 

Cotton, full quality. White, Black, 

Pair, S I .GO * $9.00 Doz. 




Spalding 
Worsted Trunks 

No. I . Best Worsted. Bhck 
Maroon and Navy. Pr.,$2 CO 
No. 2. Cut Worsted, Niw 
and black. Special colors to 
order. . Pair, » I CO 

Spalding Velvet Trunks 

No. 3. Fine Velvet. Colois 
Black, Navy, Royal Blue Ma 
roon. Special colors to order 
Pair, S I .CO • $10.00 Do. 
No. 4. Sateen. Black.White 
Pair, 60c. * $5.00 Doz. 





See our complete calalagne for Running PanU, 

Y. M. C. A. Trousers, etc. Sent on application 

to any address. 



The prices printed in italics opposite items marked with if will be quoted only on orders for one-half dozen or 
more. Quantity prices NOT allowed on items NOT marked with if 



A. G. SPALDING & BROS. 



"^gS 



Philadelphia Washington 

Pittsburg Atlanta 

Baltimore New Orleani 

Montreal. Canada 



FOU STREET ?JU.^tBElfS SEE ISSIDE FHOyT COVER 



n 



l^^ 



Chicago 
Cincinnati 
Cleveland 



St. Louis 

Kansas City 

Denver 

Detroit 



San Francisco 

Seattle 

Minneapolis 

St. Paul 



Prices in effect July 5, 1909. Subject to cliange without notice. 



"'*° THE SPALDING (r 



Dtrademark 



The Spalding Championship Gloves 



The Spalding "Cham- 
pionship" Gloves are 
endorsed by all cham- 
pions and have been 
exclusively used for 
years in champion- 
ship contests and in 
training. The mate- 
rial and workman- 
ship are of the high- 
est quality, the fit is 
perfect, and by their 
peculiar construction 
absolutely prevent 
any chance of injury 
to the hands or 
wrists. Each set is 
carefully inspected 
before packing and 
guaranteed in every 
particular. Made in 
three sizes in sets of 
four .gloves. 




No. I IB. The Spald- 
ing 5-0/,. ••Cham- 
pionship" Glove. 
Per set of four 
gloves, S6 OO 
No. I I 6. The Spald- 
ing 6-oz. ••Cham- 
pionship " Glove. 
Per set of four 
gloves, $6.00 
No. I 18. The Spald- 
ing 8-oz. ■•Cham- 
pionship " Glove. 
Per .set of four 
gloves, $6. BO 

Spalding 
"Special" No. 2 18 

?.ime style as our 
"Championship" 
8-oz. Gloves, but not 
s;Lme quality materi- 
al and workmanship. 
No. 2 18. Per set of 
four gloves. $4. SO 




Spalding "Navy Special" 
Clianipionship Gloves 

Used by the Champions of Ihe Navy 

These gloves are made of a special "sea 
gri tn " leather, of particularly durable 
(ILi ilitv. Furnished in 8.-oz. only, similar in 
t.t\le to No. 118, and with padded wrist. 
No. I 8N. Per set of four gloves, $B.OO 




Spalding Pupil's Boxing Gloves 

Actmg on the suggestion of one of the most prominent athletic 

officials in this country, we decided recently to get up a boxing 

glove that would be an aid to the pupil learning to box This 

glove is additionally padded on the forearm and over the wrist, 

to prevent that soreness which is one of the most discouraging 

ciovt features following a brisk lesson in the art of ••blocking. " PaMim on wnsu 

part is well padded with curled hair, the leather being best quality soft tanned. 

No. I I O. Per set of four gloves. $6.00 





The Spalding Instructors' 
Gloves, 10-oz. 

Made of best grade brown glove 
leather, extra heavily padded over 
the knuckles and with special 
large padded thumb to prevent 
injury to either instructor or 
pupil. Laces extra far to pro- 
vide ample ventilation and has 

patent palm grip 
Per set of four gloves. $6 CO 



The Spalding 5-oz. 

Boxing Gloves 

None Better at Any Price 

Made of special quality light tan- 
colored glove leather, very soft and 
smooth. Plain laced wrist-band, 
patent palm lacing and patent palm 
grip. An ideal glove for limited 
round contests. 
No. I OB. Per set of four gloves, S7.00 



EACH SET OF BOXING GLOVES CONSISTS OF FOUR GLOVES. MATED IN TWO PAIRS 




miladelphia Washington 

Pittsburg Atlanta 

Baltimore New Orleans 

Montreal. Canada 



' STREET MUMPERS : 



\roR s 

l^SfJ London, I Edinburgh, I 
I T I England | Scotland J 



Chicago 
Cincinnati 
Cleveland 
Columbus 



St. Louis San Francisco 



Kansas City 
Denver 
Detroit 



Seattle 

Minneapolis 

St. Paul 



Friiei in effect July 5, 1909. Subject to change without notice 



n'TUT"ETHESPALDING(t~fjTRADEMARK 



Spalding Boxing Gloves 



No. II. Corbett pattern, 
large 7-oz. glove, best quali- 
ty brown glove leather, 
padded with best curled 
hair, patent palm lacing, 
padded wristband, patent 
palm grip. Substantially 
made throughout for hard 
usage. 
Set of four gloves, SB.OO 

No. 9. Regulation 5-oz. glove, 
otherwise same as No. U. 
Set of four gloves, S6.00 




Above illustrates the patent palm lacing and patent palm grip referred to 
in descriptions of Spalding boxing gloves. With these improvements we 
believe our line is absolutely the finest on the market. The patent palm 
laiing, insuring a snug fit at all times, is a 
very valuable feature, and the patent palm 
grip we know, will be appreciated by those 
who want gloves that are up-to-date in 
every particular. 




No. I 4. Regulation 5-oz. 
glove, dark wine color, pad- 
ded wristband, patent palm 
lacing and palm grip, 
Much improved. 
Set of four gloves, S4.00 

No. I 5. Corbett pattern, olive 
tanned leather, well padded 
with hair, padded wrist- 
band, patent palm lacing, 
patent palm grip. 
Set of four gloves, 84. OO 

No. I 7. Corbett pattern, cra- 
ven tan leather, well pad- 
ded with hair, patent palm 
lacing, patent palm grip, 
padded wristband. 
Set of four gloves, 84. OO 



No. 11. Corbett Pattern 



No. I 9. Corbett pattern, craven tan leather, 
well padded with hair, patent palm grip and 
patent palm lacing. Set of four gloves, S3 . 6 O 

No. S I . Corbett pattern, dark wine color lea- 
ther. Well padded with hair and patent palm 
lacing. . . Set of four gloves, S3.00 

No. 23. Regular pattern, fine quality brown 
tanned leather. A very well made glove. 
Hair padded and patent palm lacing. 

Set of four gloves, 82. OO 

No. 24. Regular pattern, craven tan leather, 
hair padded, elastic wristband. Set, 81 .60 




Jo. 23. Beflular Pattern 




SPALDING YOUTHS' BOXING GLOVES 

All Styles, Padded with Hair 

Spalding Youths' Boxing Gloves are made in exactly the same manner 

and of the same material as the full size gloves of our manufacture and 
are warranted to give satisfaction. 

No. 45. Youths' Championship Glove, Corbett pattern, best quality 
brown glove leather, extra well finished and double stitched, patent 
palm lacing and patent palm grip. . Set of four gloves, S3.60 

No. 40. Youths' size. Corbett pattern, soft craven tan leather, well 
padded, patent palm lacing. . . Set of four gloves, 82. 60 



5 No. 25. Youths' 

Csrbctt Pattern palm lacing. 




regular pattern, soft tanned leather, patent fg^ g, 

Setof four gloves, 81. 50 Hegul.r" Pelt.rn 



lU!^^ Con,n,unicaaor,s^ ^ ^^ Q^ SPALDING & BROS. 



' attention. 



New York 
Boston 

Syracuse 
Buffalo 



Fhlladelphla Washington 

Pittsburg Atlanta 

Baltimore New Orleans 

Montreal. Canada 



^ I London, I Edinburgh,! Sydney, 1^ 
~ I England I Scotland | AustraUa I ^ 



Chicago 
Cincinnati 
Cleveland 



St. Louis 

Kansas City 

Denver 

Detroit 



San Francisco 

Seattle 

Minneapolis 

St. Paul • 



I^ces in effect July 5, 190S. Subject (g change ivithoul notice. 



IsSBsmuUHESPALDINGliljTRADEMARK 



GUARANTEES 



I f^ THE SPALDING STRIKING BAGS -^ 

THE BLADDERS USED IN AIX OUR STRIKING BAGS ARE MADE OF PURE PARA ROBBER 
(NO COMPOSITION) AND FVIXY GUARANTEED 

All our single end bags except No. G are made with solid leather top, through center of which 
rope passes, making them the most certam in action of any. Laces on side at top, so that the 
bladder can be inflated without interfering with rope. Each bag is most carefully inspected 
then packed complete in box with bladder, lace and rope. 

No. G. This is a heavy durable Gymnasium Bag suitable for all around exercise 
work and the strongest bag made. The cover is of heavy English grain 
leather, same as used in our best grade foot balls and basket balls and made 
in the same way. It will outlast two or three bags of any other make. With 
loop top. Each, $8.00 

No. I 9. Made of highest quality Patna kid, the lightest and strongest of 
leather. Sewed with linen thread, double stitched and red welted seams. 
Especially suited for exhibition work, and a very fast bag. Each, S7.00 

No. I 9S. Same material as No. 19, but furnished with special light bladder 
and weighs only 7 ounces complete. The fastest bag made, but very strong 
and durable Each, S7.00 

No. 20. Made of finest selected calfskin, double stitched, red welted seams 
and reinforced throughout. Very fast and a durable bag for all around 
use Each, S7.00 

No. 18. The "Fitzsimmons Special." Made of finest selected olive Napa 
tanned leather, extra well made; double stitched, red welted seams and rein- 
forced throughout. For training purposes particularly this bag will be found 
extremely satisfactory in every respect Each, 86. OO 

■No. I as. Same as No. 18, but smaller in size and lighter. Intended for very 
speedy work. . . ■ Each, 96. OO 

No. I 2. Olive tanned leather, specially selected; double stitched, red welted 
seams and reinforced throughout. Excellent for quick work. Each, S4.00 

No. I O. Specially tanned brown glove leather; double stitched, red welted 
seams and reinforced throughout. Very well made. . Each, $3.60 

No. I 7. Made of fine craven tanned leather, well finished; double stitched, 
red welted seams and reinforced throughout. A good bag. Each. $3.60 

No. I 6. Extra fine grain leather, full size and lined throughout. Each, 3.00 

No. I 5. Made of olive tanned leather, full size and lined throughout; red 
welted seams Each, S2.00 

No. 14. Good quality colored sheepskin; lined throughout. Each, I.60 



SPALDING STRIKING BAG SWIVELS 





No. 8. The simplest and most effective ball 
bearing swivel on the market. Rope can be 
changed instantly without interfering with 
any other part of swivel . Each, SI.60 

No. 9. With removable socket for quickly sus- 
pending or removing bag without read- 
justing Each, 50c. 



No. I I . Swivel action, with bell cord coupling 
and rope attached. Fastens permanently to 
disk; japan finish. . . Each, 60c. 

No. 6. Japanned iron stem for use with plat- 
form or disk. . . . Each, 36c. 

No. 12. Ball and socket action. Fastens perma- 
nently to disk; nickel-plated. Each, 26o. 



'^ 



^ 



^^ga] 



Com munications 



New York 
Boston 

Syracuse 
Buffalo 



Plilladelphia Wasliington 

Pittsburg Atlanta 

Baltimore New Orleans 

Montreal. Canada 



s 



England! Scotland 



Chicago 
Cincinnati 
Cleveland 



St. Louis 
ansas City 
Denver 
Detroit 



San Francisco 

Seattle 

Minneapolis 

St. Paul 



f rices in effect July 5. 1909. Subject to change without notice. 



ACCEPT NO 
SUBSTITUTE 



B))Wr»iUAMr)!Ml 




^ Moline Striking Bag Platform 



OUK Moline Platform is adjustable in height, readily attached to any 
~ wall, and the side brackets so arranged that it touches 

three rows of studding. Neat in design and handsomely 
finished, it in noway detracts from the 
appearance of the room, does not ob- 
struct the light, and overcomes many 
othtrobjtction ible features of the old 
stvle disk Usually costmg double the 
price Fach platform supplied with 
everj thing necessai v for attaching to 
wall, and ciated leadyfor shipment. 




N ) I . Moline Platform. 

SI2.00 
Bag Is not included In 
above price. 



Home Apparatus 

Rag Punching is really 
■'-' a fascinating diversion 
capable of so many com- 
binations, that it is inter- 
esting alike to the young 
boy and the seasoned 
athlete. When its health- 
ful advantages are con- 
sidered it is remarkable 
that there are not more 
bags in use, especially 
where there are boys and 
girls who would not other- 
wise take sufficient exer- 
cise to keep them in good 
physical condition. The 
same is true of many 
business men who really 
could use a punching bag 
with benefit and very 
conveniently, wh ere in 
many cases sufficient out- 
door exercise is simply 
impossible. 



Spalding^ Adjustable Floor Disk 

This style is what is gen- 
erally called a " Floor 
Disk," because the 
heavy japanned pipe 
uprights and the steel 
guys are attached to the 
floor, but this one is 
superior to any similar 
style now on the market 
in that it combines with 
absolute rigidity the ad- 
justable features so nec- 
essary in an article that 
is for home use to make 
it suitable for various 
members of the family. 
Capable of three adjust- 
ments of two inches each 
or a total of six inches. 

No. 82F. Spalding Adiuslable Floor Disk, wilhoul bag or bag 




Each, $25.00 



I? 3^ ^^ Communications 



A. G. SPALDING & BROS. 



New York 
Boston 

Syracuse 
Buff ale 



Philadelphia Washington 

Pittsburg Atlanta 

Baltimore New Orleans 

Montreal. Canada 



OR STREET NUMBERS ; 



^^ I London, {Edinburgh,! Sydney, 1^ 
▼ I England | Scotland | Australia | '_ 



Chicago St. Louis 

Cincinnati Kansas City 
Cleveland Denver 
Columbus Detroit 



San Francisco 

Seattle 

Minneapolis 

St. Paul 



Frices in effect July 5, 1909. Subjv 




HE following index from Spalding's latest Qtalogues 
will give an idea of the great variety of Athletic 
Goods manufactured by A. G. Spalding & Bros. 



Ankle Brace, Skate 

Ash Bars 

Athletic Library 

Attachments, Chest W«ighl 

Bags, Bathitig Suit 

Bags, Caddy 

Bags, Cricket 

Bagi, Uniform 

Balls, Base 

Balls. Basket 

Ball Cleaner, Goll 

Balls, Cricket 

Balls, Golf 

Balls, Playground 

Balls, Squash 

Balls, Tennis 

Bandages, Elastic 

Bar Bells 

Bar Stalls 

Bars, Parallel 

Bases, Base Ball 

Bases, Indoor 

Basket Ball Wear 

Bathing Suits 

Bats, Base Ball 

Bats, Cricket 

Bats. Indoor 

Batting Cage, Base Ball 

Bladders, Basket Ball 
Bladders, Foot Ball 
Bladders. Striking Bags 
Blades. Fencing 
Blouses. Umpire 
Boxing Gloves 
Caddy Badges 
Caps, Base Ball 
Caps, University 
Caps. Skull 
Center Forks, Iron 
Center Straps. Canvas 
Chest Weights 
Coats. Base Ball 
Collars, Swimming 
Combination Uniforms 
Corks. Running 
Cricket Goods 
Croquet Goods 
Cross Bars 

Discus. Olympic 
Discs, Marking 
Discs, Rubber GoH 
Disks, Striking Bag 
Dumb Bells 
Emblems 
Equestrian PoW 
Exerciser, Home 
Exhibition Clubs 
Fencing Sticks 
Field Hockey 
Finger Protection 
Flags, College 
Flags, Marking 
Foils, Fencing 
Foot Balls, A 
Fool Balls, Rugby 



\ Foot Ball Goal N 
\ Foot Ball Timer 
\\ Foul Flag* 

1^ 



Gloves, Fencing 

Gloves, Golf 

Gloves, Handball 

Gloves. Hockey 

Glove Softener 

Goals, Basket Ball 

Goal Cage, Polo 

Goals, Foot Ball 

Goals. Hockey 

Golf Clubs 

Golf Counters 

Gollette 

Grips. Athletic 

Grips. Golf 

Guy Ropes and Pegs 

Gymnasium. Home 

Gymnasium Board, Home 

Hammers, Athletic 

Handballs 

Handle Cover, Rubber 

Hangers for Indian Clubs 

Hats, University 

Head Harness 

Hea(th Pull 

Hob Nails 

Hockey Slicks 

Hole Cutter, Goll 

Hole Rim, Goll 

Horizontal Bars 

Hurdles. Safety 

Indoor Base Ball 

Indian Clubs 

Inflalers. Foot Ball 

Infiaters. Striking Bag 

Jackets. Fencing 

Jackets, Foot Ball 

Jackets. Swimming 

Jerseys 

Knee Protectors 

Knickerbockers. Foot Ball 

Lace, Foot Bill 

Lanes for Sprints 

Lawn Bowls 

Leg Guards. Critket 

Leg Guards, Foot Ball 

Leg Guards, Hockey 

Leg Guards, Polo 

Letters. Embroidered 

Letters, Woven 

Lockers, Durand-Steel 

Mallet. Cricket 

Markers. Tennis 

Masks. Base Ball 

Masks. Fencing 

Masks. Nose 

Masseur. Abdominal 

Mattresses 

Medicine Balls 

Megaphones 

Mitts, Base Ball 

Mitts. Handball 

Mitts. Striking Bag 

Mouthpiece. Foot Ball 
Needle, Lacing 
Nets, Tennis 
Net. Volley Ball 
Numbers, Competitors 



Pad, Chamois. Fencing 

Pads, Foot Ball 

Paint, Goll 

Pants, Base Ball 

Pants, Basket Ball 

Pants. Boys' Knee 

Pants. Foot Ball 

Pants. Hockey 

Pants. Roller Polo 

Pants, Running 

Pistol. Starter's 

Plastrons. Fencing 

Plates. Base Ball Shoe 

Plates. Home 

Plates. Marking 

Plates. Pitchers' Box 

Plates, Teeing 

Platforms, Striking Bag 

Poles. Ski 

Poles, Vaulting 

Polo. Roller. Goods 

Protector. Abdomen 

Protector, Elbow 

Protector, Polo 

Protection lor Running Shoes 

Pucks. Hockey 

Push Ball 

Pushers, Chamois 

Puttees, Goll 

Quantity Prices 



Racket Covers 
Rackets. Lawn Tennis 
Racket Presses 
Rackets Restrung 

Reels lor Tennis Posts 
Referees' Horns 
Referees' Whistle 
Rings, Exercising 
Rings. Swinging 
Rowing Machines 

Scabbards Ibr Skates 
Score Board, Golf 
Score Books, Base Ball 
Score Books, Basket Ball 
Score Books, Cricket 
Score Books, GolL 
Score Books. Tennis 
Scoring Tablets. Base Ball 
Seven-Foot Circle 
Shin Guards, Association 
Sinn Guards, Rugby 
ShinGuards, Hockey 



Shit 






Shirts, Sleeveless 
Shoes. Base Ball 
Shoes, Basket Ball 



Shoe;, Cricket 
Shoes, Fencing 
Shoes. Foot Ball. A 
Shoes. Foot Ball. Rugby 
Shoes. Goll 
Shoes, Gymnasium 
Shoes. Jumping 
Shoes. Running 



Shoes. Skating 
Shoes, Squash 
Shoes, Tennis 
Shot, Indoor 
Shot, Massage 
Skate Bags 
Skates. Hockey 
Skate Holders 
Skates, Ice 
Skates, Racing 
Skates, Rink, Ice 
Skate Rollers 
Skates, Roller 
Skates, Tubular 
Skate Straps 
Skis 

Sleeve Bands. College 
Slippers, Bathing 

Squash Goods 
Standards. Vaulting 
Standards. Volley Ball 
Starters' Pistol 
Steel Cable 
Sticks, Polo 
Stockings 
Stop Boards 
Striking Bags 
Studs. Goll 
Stumps and Bails 
Suits. Union, Foot Ball 
Supporters 
Supporters, Ankle 
Stipporters, Wrist 

Sweaters 
Swimming Suits 
Swivel Striking Bags 
Swords, Fencing 
Swords, Duelling 



Tapes, Adhesive 
Tapes, Marking 
Tapes. Measuring 
Tees, Goll 
Tennis Posts 
Tether Tennis 
Tights 
Toboggans 
Toboggan Cushions 
Toboggan Toe Caps 
Toe Boards 
Toques 

Trapeze, Adjustable 
Trapeze, Single 
Trousers, Y. M. C. A. 
Trunks. Bathing 
Trunks, Velvet 
Trunks, Worsted 
Umpire Indicator 
Uniforms. Base Ball 
Varnish for Gut 
Volley Balls 
Water Polo Ball 
Wands. Calisthenic 
Watches. Stop 



"wb. , 
Referees 



standard Policy 

A Standard Quality must be inseparably linked to a Standard Policy. 

Without a definite and Standard Mercantile Policy, it is impossible for a manufacturer to long 
maintain a Standard Quality. 

To market his goods through the jobber, a manufacturer must provide a profit for the jobber as 
well as the retail dealer. To meet these conditions of Dual Profits, the manufacturer is obliged to 
set a proportionately high list price on his goods to the consumer. 

To enable the glib salesman, when booking his orders, to figure out attractive profits to both the 
jobber and retailer, these high list prices are absolutely essential ; but their real purpose will have been 
served when the manufacturer has secured his order from the jobber, and the jobber has secured his 
order from the retailer. 

However, these deceptive high list prices are not fair to the consumer, who does not, and, in 
reality, is not ever expected to pay these fancy list prices. 

When the season opens for the sale of such goods, with their misleading but alluring high list 
prices, the retailer begins to realize his responsibilities, and grapples with the situation as best he 
can, by offering "special discounts," which vary with local trade conditions. 

Under this system of merchandising, the profits to both the manufacturer and the jobber are 
assured: but as there is no stability maintained in the prices to the consumer, the keen competition 
amongst the local dealers invariably leads to a demoralized cutting of prices by which the profits of 
the retailer are practically eliminated. 

This demoralization always reacts on the manufacturer. The jobber insists on lower, and still 
lower, prices. The manufacturer in his turn, meets this demand for the lowering of prices by the 
only way open to him, viz. : the cheapening and degrading of the quality of his product. 

The foregoing conditions became so intolerable that, ten years ago, in 1899, A. G. Spalding 
& Bros, determined to rectify this demoralization in the Athletic Goods Trade, and inaugurated what 
has since become known as "The Spalding Policy." 

The "Spalding Policy" eliminates the jobber entirely, so far as Spalding Goods are concerned, 
and the retail dealer secures his supply of Spalding Athletic Goods direct from the manufacturer 
under a restricted retail price arrangement by which the retail dealer is assured a fair, legitimate and 
certain profit on all Spalding Athletic Goods, and the consumer is assured a Standard Quality and is 
protected from imposition. 

The "Spalding Policy" is decidedly for the interest and protection of the users of Athletic Goods, 
and acts in two ways: 

FiKST— The user is assured of genuine Official Standard Athletic Goods, and 

the same fixed prices to everybody 
Second— As manufacturers, we can proceed with confidence in purchasing at 
the proper time, the very best raw materials required in the manufacture 
of our various goods, well ahead of their respective seasons, and this enables 
us to provide the necessary quantity and absolutely maintain the Spalding 
Standard of Quality. 

All retail dealers handling Spalding Athletic Goods are required to supply consumers at our 
regular printed catalogue prices— neither more nor less— the same prices that similar goods are sold 
for in our New York, Chicago and other stores. 

All Spalding dealers, as well as users of Spalding Athletic Goods, are treated exactly alike, and no 
special rebates or discriminations are allowed to anyone. 

Positively, nobody; not even oflicers, managers, salesmen or other employes of A. G. Spalding 
& Bros., or any of their relatives or personal friends, can buy Spalding Athletic Goods at a discount 
from the regular catalogue prices. 

This, briefly, is the "Spalding Policy," which has already been in successful opei^tion for the 
past ten years, and will be indefinitely continued. 

In other words, " The Spalding Policy " is a "square deal " for everybody. 

A. G. SPALDING & BROS. 



By ^iJfuz^aC,^ 



r 



Standard Quality 

An article that is universally given the appellation "Standard" is thereby 
conceded to be the Criterion, to which are compared all other things of a similar nature. 
For instance, the Gold Dollar of the United States is the Standard unit of currency, 
because it must legally contain a specific proportion of pure gold, and the fact of its 
being Genuine is grnaranteed by the Government Stamp thereon. As a protection to 
the users of this currency against counterfeiting and other tricks, considerable money 
is expended in maintaining a Secret Service Bureau of Experts. Under the lav/, citizen 
manufacturers must depend to a great extent upon Trade-Marks and similar devices 
to protect themselves against counterfeit products— without the aid of "Government 
Detectives " or " Public Opinion " to assist them. 

Consequently the "Consumer's Protection " against misrepresentation and "in- 
ferior quality" rests entirely upon the integrity and responsibility of the "Manufacturer." 

A. G. Spalding & Bros, have, by their rigorous attention to "Quality," for thirty- 
three years, caused their Trade-Mark to become knovra throughout the world as a 
Guarantee of Quality as dependable in their field as the U. S. Currency is in its field. 

The necessity of upholding the guarantee of the Spalding Trade-Mark and main- 
taining the Standard Quality of their Athletic Goods, is, therefore, as obvious as is the 
necessity of the Government in maintaining a Standard Currency. 

Thus each consumer is not only insuring himself but also protecting other con- 
sumers when he assists a Reliable Manufacturer in upholding his Trade-Mark and all 
that it stands for. Therefore, we urge all users of our Athletic Goods to assist us in 
maintaining the Spalding Standard of Excellence, by insisting that our Trade-Mark be 
plainly stamped on all athletic goods which they buy, because without this precaution 
our best efforts towards maintaining Standard Quality and preventing fi-audulent 
substitution will be ineffectual. 

Manufacturers of Standard Articles invariably suffer the reputation of being 
high-priced, and this sentiment is fostered and emphasized by makers of "inferior 
goods," with whom low prices are the main consideration. 

A manufacturer of recognized Standard Goods, with a reputation to uphold and a 
guarantee to protect, must necessarily have higher prices than a manufacturer of cheap 
goods, whose idea of and basis for a claim for Standard QualRy depends principally 
upon the eloquence of the salesman. 

We know from experience that there is no quicksand more unstable than poverty 
in quality— and we avoid this quicksand by Standard Quality. 



^^^x^'^^i-.i^^/^^S^-^ 



ATHLETIC 



A separate book covers ev« 

and is Official and StandaT^ 
Price 10 cents each 



GRAND PRIZE 




ST. LOUIS. 1904 



Spalding 



PARIS. 1900 



ATHLETIC GOODS 

are the standard of the worli 



A.G.Spalding ® Bros. 



MAINTAIN WHOLESALE 



rf RETAIL STORES / 
CHICAGO 
ST. LOUIS 



NEW YORK CHICA 

PHILADELPHIA ST.Li 

BOSTON KA 

BALTIMORE ^ 

WASHINGTON 
PITTSBURG 
BUFFALO 
SYRACUSE 

NEW ORLEANS 
ATLANTA 
LONDON. ENGLAND ,''___ 

EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND ^ 



MINNEAPOLIS 
SAN FRANCISCO 
CINCINNATI 
DENVER 
DETROIT 
J CLEVELAND 

' SEATTLE 

m COLUMBUS 

"^ ST.PAUI 

MONTREAL. CANAD/ 



byA.C.Spaldiny & Bro: 



INEW VORK CHICAGO SAN FRANCISCO CHICOPBB.MASS 
BROOKLYN BOSTON PHILADELPHIA LONDON, ENO. 



